Method for sharing power and resources for sidelink positioning, and apparatus therefor

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a method for sharing power and resources for on-demand sidelink positioning in a new radio-vehicle to everything (NR-V2X) communication system, and an apparatus therefor. A method by which a terminal shares power in a new radio-vehicle to everything (NR-V2X) communication system, according to one aspect, may comprise the steps of: configuring, in a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), transmission resources for HARQ-ACK feedback information (HFI) associated with an NR-V2X service and transmission resources for a positioning reference signal (PRS) associated with sidelink positioning; if transmissions of the PRS and the HFI are requested at the same time, allocating power on the basis of at least one from among priority corresponding to the PRS and priority corresponding to the HFI; and transmitting at least one from among the PRS and the HFI on the basis of the allocated power.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to sidelink positioning, and moreparticularly to, a technology in which a user equipment (UE) performingsidelink positioning shares power and resources in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) system.

BACKGROUND ART

Wireless access systems have been widely deployed to provide varioustypes of communication services such as voice or data. In general, awireless access system is a multiple access system that supportscommunication of multiple users by sharing available system resources (abandwidth, transmission power, etc.) among them. For example, multipleaccess systems include a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, aFrequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system, a Time DivisionMultiple Access (TDMA) system, an Orthogonal Frequency Division MultipleAccess (OFDMA) system, a Single Carrier Frequency Division MultipleAccess (SC-FDMA) system and multi carrier frequency division multipleaccess (MC-FDMA) system, etc.

Sidelink (SL) refers to a communication scheme in which a direct link isestablished between user equipments (UEs) and the UEs directly exchangevoice or data without intervention of a base station (BS). SL isconsidered as a solution of relieving the BS of the constraint ofrapidly growing data traffic.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a communication technology in which avehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, a pedestrian, andinfrastructure by wired/wireless communication. V2X may be categorizedinto four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). V2Xcommunication may be provided via a PC5 interface and/or a Uu interface.

As more and more communication devices demand larger communicationcapacities, there is a need for enhanced mobile broadband communicationrelative to existing RATs. Accordingly, a communication system is underdiscussion, for which services or UEs sensitive to reliability andlatency are considered. The next-generation RAT in which eMBB, MTC, andURLLC are considered is referred to as new RAT or NR. In NR, V2Xcommunication may also be supported.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating V2X communication based on pre-NR RATand V2X communication based on NR in comparison.

For V2X communication, a technique of providing safety service based onV2X messages such as basic safety message (BSM), cooperative awarenessmessage (CAM), and decentralized environmental notification message(DENM) was mainly discussed in the pre-NR RAT. The V2X message mayinclude location information, dynamic information, and attributeinformation. For example, a UE may transmit a CAM of a periodic messagetype and/or a DENM of an event-triggered type to another UE.

For example, the CAM may include basic vehicle information includingdynamic state information such as a direction and a speed, vehiclestatic data such as dimensions, an external lighting state, pathdetails, and so on. For example, the UE may broadcast the CAM which mayhave a latency less than 100 ms. For example, when an unexpectedincident occurs, such as breakage or an accident of a vehicle, the UEmay generate the DENM and transmit the DENM to another UE. For example,all vehicles within the transmission range of the UE may receive the CAMand/or the DENM. In this case, the DENM may have priority over the CAM.

In relation to V2X communication, various V2X scenarios are presented inNR. For example, the V2X scenarios include vehicle platooning, advanceddriving, extended sensors, and remote driving.

For example, vehicles may be dynamically grouped and travel togetherbased on vehicle platooning. For example, to perform platoon operationsbased on vehicle platooning, the vehicles of the group may receiveperiodic data from a leading vehicle. For example, the vehicles of thegroup may widen or narrow their gaps based on the periodic data.

For example, a vehicle may be semi-automated or full-automated based onadvanced driving. For example, each vehicle may adjust a trajectory ormaneuvering based on data obtained from a nearby vehicle and/or a nearbylogical entity. For example, each vehicle may also share a dividingintention with nearby vehicles.

Based on extended sensors, for example, raw or processed data obtainedthrough local sensor or live video data may be exchanged betweenvehicles, logical entities, terminals of pedestrians and/or V2Xapplication servers. Accordingly, a vehicle may perceive an advancedenvironment relative to an environment perceivable by its sensor.

Based on remote driving, for example, a remote driver or a V2Xapplication may operate or control a remote vehicle on behalf of aperson incapable of driving or in a dangerous environment. For example,when a path may be predicted as in public transportation, cloudcomputing-based driving may be used in operating or controlling theremote vehicle. For example, access to a cloud-based back-end serviceplatform may also be used for remote driving.

In an NR-V2X system, UEs or a UE and an anchor node (AN) need toeffectively provide control information related to positioning whensidelink positioning is performed.

Sidelink positioning may be used for positioning between vehicles, andfor vehicle safety, highly reliable position information betweenvehicles needs to be provided, and positioning control information needsto be effectively used in consideration of various factors that affectpositioning.

To improve the performance of on-demand sidelink positioning, effectivepower sharing and power control are required in consideration of theefficiency of V2X data transmission and the overall efficiency ofsidelink resource use.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method of sharingpower and resources for sidelink positioning and apparatus therefor.

Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a power controlmethod for on-demand sidelink positioning in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) positioning system and apparatustherefor.

Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method ofperforming power allocation and/or power sharing for hybrid automaticrepeat request (HARQ) feedback information (HFI) and a positioningreference signal (PRS) based on priorities when the PRS is transmittedon a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) in an NR-V2X positioningsystem and apparatus therefor.

Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method ofallocating power for NR-V2X data and sidelink positioning data based onpriorities when sidelink positioning data is transmitted on an NR-V2Xdata transmission resource in an NR-V2X positioning system and apparatustherefor.

Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a PSFCH resourcemanagement method for solving a half-duplex problem that may occur whena user equipment (UE) participates in or supports differentheterogeneous services on the same PSFCH resource.

Another object of the present disclosure is to provide various methodsfor solving a half-duplex problem that may occur between transmissionand reception of a request PRS (TX-PRS) and a response PRS (RX-PRS)while a UE performs on-demand sidelink positioning.

A further object of the present disclosure is to provide variouspositioning data dedicated resource pool structures for positioning datatransmission, which are different from conventional resources for V2Xdata transmission, and management methods therefor.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the objectsthat could be achieved with the present disclosure are not limited towhat has been particularly described hereinabove and the above and otherobjects that the present disclosure could achieve will be more clearlyunderstood from the following detailed description.

Technical Solution

In an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method ofsharing power by a user equipment (UE) in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) communication system. The method mayinclude: configuring a resource for transmitting hybrid automatic repeatrequest acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information (HFI) related toNR-V2X services and a resource for transmitting a positioning referencesignal (PRS) related to sidelink positioning on a physical sidelinkfeedback channel (PSFCH); when there is a request for simultaneoustransmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocating power based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmitting at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power.

In an embodiment, the resource for transmitting the PRS may include aresource for transmitting a request PRS and a resource for transmittinga response PRS. When there is a request for simultaneous transmission ofthe request PRS and the response PRS in a same PSFCH slot, powerallocated to the PRS may be allocated for transmission of at least oneof the request PRS and the response PRS based on at least one of apriority related to the request PRS and a priority related to theresponse PRS.

In an embodiment, based on both of the priority related to the requestPRS and the priority related to the response PRS being greater than orless than thresholds predefined in relation thereto, same power may beallocated regardless of the priorities, power may be allocated inproportion to the priorities, or power preconfigured for the request PRSand the response PRS may be allocated.

In an embodiment, the method may further include: configuring apositioning dedicated data resource pool; sensing utilization of a V2Xdata resource pool; and when there is a request for V2X datatransmission, determining a resource pool to be used for the V2X datatransmission based on the sensed utilization of the V2X data resourcepool.

In an embodiment, based on determination of the positioning dedicateddata resource pool as the resource pool to be used for the V2X datatransmission, a V2X data indicator indicating that data transmitted inthe positioning dedicated data resource pool is V2X data may betransmitted in first-stage sidelink control information (SCI) on aphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and/or second-stage SCI on aphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

In an embodiment, when there is a request for positioning datatransmission during the V2X data transmission in the positioningdedicated data resource pool, a positioning dedicated data resourceallocated for the V2X data transmission may be preempted for thepositioning data transmission based on a priority of positioning data.

In an embodiment, when there is an available positioning dedicated dataresource within a latency budget for the positioning data transmission,the positioning dedicated data resource allocated for the V2X datatransmission may not be preempted.

In an embodiment, based on both of the priority related to the PRS andthe priority related to the HFI being greater than or less thanthresholds predefined in relation thereto, i) same power may beallocated regardless of the priorities, ii) power may be allocated inproportion to the priorities, or iii) power preconfigured for therequest PRS and the response PRS may be allocated.

In an embodiment, the resource for transmitting the PRS may beconfigured on the PSFCH in first-stage SCI on a PSCCH and/orsecond-stage SCI on a PSSCH.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a methodof sharing power by a UE in an NR-V2X communication system. The methodmay include: configuring a resource for transmitting HFI related toNR-V2X services and a resource for transmitting a PRS related tosidelink positioning on a PSFCH; when there is a request forsimultaneous transmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocating poweravailable in a PSFCH slot for transmission of at least one of the PRSand the HFI based on at least one of a priority related to the PRS and apriority related to the HFI; and transmitting the at least one of thePRS and the HFI based on the allocated power. When there is a requestfor simultaneous transmission of a request PRS and a response PRS in asame PSFCH slot after the power is allocated for the PRS transmission,the power allocated for the PRS transmission may be allocated to atleast one of the request PRS and the response PRS based on a positioningservice signal quality sensed in relation to each of the request PRS andthe response PRS.

In a further aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a UEconfigured to perform sidelink on-demand positioning in an NR-V2Xcommunication system. The UE may include: a radio frequency (RF)transceiver; and a processor connected to the RF transceiver. Theprocessor may be configured to: configure a resource for transmitting aPRS related to the sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; when there is arequest for simultaneous transmission of the PRS and HFI related toNR-V2X services, allocate power available in a PSFCH slot fortransmission of at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmit the at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power.

In an embodiment, the resource for transmitting the PRS may include aresource for transmitting a request PRS and a resource for transmittinga response PRS. When there is a request for simultaneous transmission ofthe request PRS and the response PRS in a same PSFCH slot, the processormay be configured to allocate power allocated to the PRS fortransmission of at least one of the request PRS and the response PRSbased on at least one of a priority related to the request PRS and apriority related to the response PRS.

In an embodiment, based on both of the priority related to the requestPRS and the priority related to the response PRS being greater than orless than thresholds predefined in relation thereto, the processor maybe configured to allocate same power regardless of the priorities,allocate power in proportion to the priorities, or allocate powerpreconfigured for the request PRS and the response PRS.

In an embodiment, the processor may be configured to: configure apositioning dedicated data resource pool; sense utilization of a V2Xdata resource pool; and when there is a request for V2X datatransmission, determine a resource pool to be used for the V2X datatransmission based on the sensed utilization of the V2X data resourcepool.

In an embodiment, based on determination of the positioning dedicateddata resource pool as the resource pool to be used for the V2X datatransmission, the processor may be configured to transmit a V2X dataindicator indicating that data transmitted in the positioning dedicateddata resource pool is V2X data in first-stage SCI on a PSCCH and/orsecond-stage SCI on a PSSCH.

In an embodiment, when there is a request for positioning datatransmission during the V2X data transmission in the positioningdedicated data resource pool, the processor may be configured to preempta positioning dedicated data resource allocated for the V2X datatransmission for the positioning data transmission based on a priorityof positioning data.

In an embodiment, when there is an available positioning dedicated dataresource within a latency budget for the positioning data transmission,the processor may be configured to not to preempt the positioningdedicated data resource allocated for the V2X data transmission.

In an embodiment, based on both of the priority related to the PRS andthe priority related to the HFI being greater than or less thanthresholds predefined in relation thereto, i) same power may beallocated regardless of the priorities, ii) power may be allocated inproportion to the priorities, or iii) power preconfigured for therequest PRS and the response PRS may be allocated.

In an embodiment, the resource for transmitting the PRS may beconfigured on the PSFCH in first-stage SCI on a PSCCH and/orsecond-stage SCI on a PSSCH.

Advantageous Effects

According to various embodiments, a power sharing method for sidelinkpositioning and apparatus therefor may be provided.

According to various embodiments, a power control method for on-demandsidelink positioning in a new radio vehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X)positioning system and apparatus therefor may be provided.

According to various embodiments, when hybrid automatic repeat requestacknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information (HFI) transmission andpositioning reference signal (PRS) transmission on a physical sidelinkfeedback channel (PSFCH) are enabled in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) positioning system, power allocationand/or power sharing for the HFI transmission and/or PRS transmissionmay be dynamically performed based on the priorities and/or signalqualities of the corresponding services, thereby preventing positioningperformance degradation caused by reduction in the coverage of atransmitting user equipment (UE) and degradation of the receptionperformance of a receiving UE.

According to various embodiments, when sidelink positioning data istransmitted on NR-V2X data transmission resources in an NR-V2Xpositioning system, power for NR-V2X data and sidelink positioning datamay be dynamically allocated based on priorities, thereby minimizing adecrease in the efficiency of V2X data transmission and a decrease inthe overall efficiency of sidelink resource use, which may be caused bymanagement of a resource pool dedicated to positioning data.

According to various embodiments, a PSFCH resource management method forsolving a half-duplex problem that may occur when a UE participates inor supports different heterogeneous services on the same PSFCH resourcemay be provided.

According to various embodiments, various methods for solving ahalf-duplex problem that may occur between transmission and reception ofa request PRS (TX-PRS) and a response PRS (RX-PRS) while a UE performson-demand sidelink positioning may be provided.

According to various embodiments, various positioning data dedicatedresource pool structures for positioning data transmission, which aredifferent from conventional resources for V2X data transmission, andmanagement methods therefor may be provided, thereby improving the V2Xdata transmission rate and the efficiency of sidelink resource use.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the effectsthat could be achieved with the present disclosure are not limited towhat has been particularly described hereinabove and other advantages ofthe present disclosure will be more clearly understood from thefollowing detailed description.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are provided to provide an understanding ofthe present disclosure, and are intended to illustrate variousembodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the descriptionof the specification, explain the principles of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating vehicle-to-everything (V2X)communication based on pre-new radio access technology (NR) RAT and V2Xcommunication based on NR in comparison.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a long term evolution(LTE) system.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an NR system.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an NR radio frame.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a slot structure in an NR frame.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating radio protocol architectures forsidelink (SL) communication.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating user equipments (UEs) which conduct V2Xor SL communication between them

FIG. 8 is diagram illustrating resource units for V2X or SLcommunication

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating signal flows for V2X or SLcommunication procedures of a UE according to transmission modes

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a 5G system capable ofpositioning a UE connected to an NG-RAN or an E-UTRAN according to anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 illustrates exemplary implementation of a network forpositioning a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a positioning reference signal (PRS)transmission method preconfigured for sidelink on-demand positioningaccording to an embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a sidelink on-demand positioningprocedure for a positioning UE according to an embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a neighboring UEtransmits a response PRS when a V2X data slot is pre-reserved at a timepoint when the response PRS needs to be transmitted according to anembodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a neighboring UEtransmits a response PRS when a V2X data slot is pre-reserved at a timepoint when the response PRS needs to be transmitted according to anotherembodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a neighboring UEtransmits a response PRS when a V2X data slot is reserved at a timepoint when the response PRS needs to be transmitted according to afurther embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart for explaining a sidelink broadcast positioningprocedure for an anchor node (AN) according to an embodiment.

FIG. 18 illustrates a communication system applied to the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 19 illustrates wireless devices applicable to the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 20 illustrates another example of a wireless device applicable tothe present disclosure.

FIG. 21 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle appliedto the present disclosure.

BEST MODE

In an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method ofsharing power by a user equipment (UE) in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) communication system. The method mayinclude: configuring a resource for transmitting hybrid automatic repeatrequest acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information (HFI) related toNR-V2X services and a resource for transmitting a positioning referencesignal (PRS) related to sidelink positioning on a physical sidelinkfeedback channel (PSFCH); when there is a request for simultaneoustransmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocating power based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmitting at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power.

Mode

A wireless communication system is a multiple access system thatsupports communication of multiple users by sharing available systemresources (a bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multipleaccess systems include a CDMA system, an FDMA system, a TDMA system, anOFDMA system, an SC-FDMA system, and an MC-FDMA system.

Sidelink (SL) refers to a communication scheme in which a direct link isestablished between user equipments (UEs) and the UEs directly exchangevoice or data without intervention of a base station (BS). SL isconsidered as a solution of relieving the BS of the constraint ofrapidly growing data traffic.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a communication technology in which avehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, a pedestrian, andinfrastructure by wired/wireless communication. V2X may be categorizedinto four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). V2Xcommunication may be provided via a PC5 interface and/or a Uu interface.

As more and more communication devices demand larger communicationcapacities, there is a need for enhanced mobile broadband communicationrelative to existing RATs. Accordingly, a communication system is underdiscussion, for which services or UEs sensitive to reliability andlatency are considered. The next-generation RAT in which eMBB, MTC, andURLLC are considered is referred to as new RAT or NR. In NR, V2Xcommunication may also be supported.

Techniques described herein may be used in various wireless accesssystems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency divisionmultiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonalfrequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier-frequencydivision multiple access (SC-FDMA), and so on. CDMA may be implementedas a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA)or CDMA2000. TDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such asglobal system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radioservice (GPRS)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA maybe implemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved-UTRA (E-UTRA), or the like. IEEE802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e, offering backward compatibilitywith an IRRR 802.16e-based system. UTRA is a part of universal mobiletelecommunications system (UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is a part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS)using evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). 3GPP LTE employs OFDMA for downlink (DL)and SC-FDMA for uplink (UL). LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of3GPP LTE.

A successor to LTE-A, 5th generation (5G) new radio access technology(NR) is a new clean-state mobile communication system characterized byhigh performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR may use allavailable spectral resources including a low frequency band below 1 GHz,an intermediate frequency band between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and a highfrequency (millimeter) band of 24 GHz or above.

While the following description is given mainly in the context of LTE-Aor 5G NR for the clarity of description, the technical idea of anembodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of an LTE system according to anembodiment of the present disclosure. This may also be called an evolvedUMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) or LTE/LTE-A system.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the E-UTRAN includes evolved Node Bs (eNBs) 20which provide a control plane and a user plane to UEs 10. A UE 10 may befixed or mobile, and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS),user terminal (UT), subscriber station (SS), mobile terminal (MT), orwireless device. An eNB 20 is a fixed station communication with the UE10 and may also be referred to as a base station (BS), a basetransceiver system (BTS), or an access point.

eNBs 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface. An eNB 20 isconnected to an evolved packet core (EPC) 39 via an S1 interface. Morespecifically, the eNB 20 is connected to a mobility management entity(MME) via an S1-MME interface and to a serving gateway (S-GW) via anS1-U interface.

The EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a packet data network-gateway(P-GW). The MME has access information or capability information aboutUEs, which are mainly used for mobility management of the UEs. The S-GWis a gateway having the E-UTRAN as an end point, and the P-GW is agateway having a packet data network (PDN) as an end point.

Based on the lowest three layers of the open system interconnection(OSI) reference model known in communication systems, the radio protocolstack between a UE and a network may be divided into Layer 1 (L1), Layer2 (L2) and Layer 3 (L3). These layers are defined in pairs between a UEand an Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), for data transmission via the Uuinterface. The physical (PHY) layer at L1 provides an informationtransfer service on physical channels. The radio resource control (RRC)layer at L3 functions to control radio resources between the UE and thenetwork. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages betweenthe UE and an eNB.

FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of an NR system

Referring to FIG. 3 , a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN)may include a next generation Node B (gNB) and/or an eNB, which providesuser-plane and control-plane protocol termination to a UE. In FIG. 3 ,the NG-RAN is shown as including only gNBs, by way of example. A gNB andan eNB are connected to each other via an Xn interface. The gNB and theeNB are connected to a 5G core network (5GC) via an NG interface. Morespecifically, the gNB and the eNB are connected to an access andmobility management function (AMF) via an NG-C interface and to a userplane function (UPF) via an NG-U interface.

FIG. 4 illustrates a radio frame structure in NR.

Referring to FIG. 4 , a radio frame may be used for UL transmission andDL transmission in NR. A radio frame is 10 ms in length, and may bedefined by two 5-ms half-frames. An HF may include five 1-ms subframes.A subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number ofslots in an SF may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing(SCS). Each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to acyclic prefix (CP).

In a normal CP (NCP) case, each slot may include 14 symbols, whereas inan extended CP (ECP) case, each slot may include 12 symbols. Herein, asymbol may be an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) or an SC-FDMA symbol(or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).

Table 1 below lists the number of symbols per slot Nslotsymb, the numberof slots per frame Nframe,uslot, and the number of slots per subframeNsubframe,uslot according to an SCS configuration μ in the NCP case.

TABLE 1 SCS (15 * 2u) Nslotsymb Nframe,uslot Nsubframe,uslot  15 KHz (u= 0) 14 10 1  30 KHz (u = 1) 14 20 2  60 KHz (u = 2) 14 40 4 120 KHz (u= 3) 14 80 8 240 KHz (u = 4) 14 160 16

Table 2 below lists the number of symbols per slot, the number of slotsper frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to an SCS inthe ECP case.

TABLE 2 SCS (15 * 2{circumflex over ( )}u) Nslotsymb Nframe,uslotNsubframe,uslot 60 KHz (u = 2) 12 40 4

In the NR system, different OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCSs, CPlengths, and so on) may be configured for a plurality of cellsaggregated for one UE. Accordingly, the (absolute time) duration of atime resource including the same number of symbols (e.g., a subframe,slot, or TTI) (collectively referred to as a time unit (TU) forconvenience) may be configured to be different for the aggregated cells.In NR, various numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various5G services. For example, with an SCS of 15 kHz, a wide area intraditional cellular bands may be supported, while with an SCS of 30/60kHz, a dense urban area, a lower latency, and a wide carrier bandwidthmay be supported. With an SCS of 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth largerthan 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

An NR frequency band may be defined by two types of frequency ranges,FR1 and FR2. The numerals in each frequency range may be changed. Forexample, the two types of frequency ranges may be given in [Table 3]. Inthe NR system, FR1 may be a “sub 6 GHz range” and FR2 may be an “above 6GHz range” called millimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 3 Frequency Range Corresponding Subcarrier designation frequencyrange Spacing (SCS) FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As mentioned above, the numerals in a frequency range may be changed inthe NR system. For example, FR1 may range from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz aslisted in [Table 4]. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz(or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above. For example, the frequency bandof 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above may include anunlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes,for example, vehicle communication (e.g., autonomous driving).

TABLE 4 Frequency Range Corresponding Subcarrier designation frequencyrange Spacing (SCS) FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

FIG. 5 illustrates a slot structure in an NR frame.

Referring to FIG. 5 , a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the timedomain. For example, one slot may include 14 symbols in an NCP case and12 symbols in an ECP case. Alternatively, one slot may include 7 symbolsin an NCP case and 6 symbols in an ECP case.

A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.An RB may be defined by a plurality of (e.g., 12) consecutivesubcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) may bedefined by a plurality of consecutive (physical) RBs ((P)RBs) in thefrequency domain and correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length,or the like). A carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Datacommunication may be conducted in an activated BWP. Each element may bereferred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, to which onecomplex symbol may be mapped.

A radio interface between UEs or a radio interface between a UE and anetwork may include L1, L2, and L3. In various embodiments of thepresent disclosure, L1 may refer to the PHY layer. For example, L2 mayrefer to at least one of the MAC layer, the RLC layer, the PDCH layer,or the SDAP layer. For example, L3 may refer to the RRC layer.

Now, a description will be given of sidelink (SL) communication.

FIG. 6 illustrates a radio protocol architecture for SL communicationSpecifically, FIG. 6(a) illustrates a user-plane protocol stack in LTE,and FIG. 6(b) illustrates a control-plane protocol stack in LTE.

Sidelink synchronization signals (SLSSs) and synchronization informationwill be described below.

The SLSSs, which are SL-specific sequences, may include a primarysidelink synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary sidelinksynchronization signal (SSSS). The PSSS may be referred to as a sidelinkprimary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred toas a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example,length-127 M-sequences may be used for the S-PSS, and length-127gold-sequences may be used for the S-SSS. For example, the UE may detectan initial signal and acquire synchronization by using the S-PSS. Forexample, the UE may acquire fine synchronization and detect asynchronization signal ID, by using the S-PSS and the S-SSS.

A physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) may be a (broadcast)channel carrying basic (system) information that the UE needs to firstknow before transmitting and receiving an SL signal. For example, thebasic information may include information related to the SLSSs, duplexmode (DM) information, time division duplex (TDD) UL/DL (UL/DL)configuration information, resource pool-related information,information about the type of an application related to the SLSSs,subframe offset information, broadcast information, and so on. Forexample, the payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC), for evaluation of PSBCHperformance in NR V2X.

The S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format (e.g., SLsynchronization signal (SL SS)/PSBCH block, hereinafter, referred to assidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB)) supporting periodictransmission. The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CPlength) as a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)/physical sidelinkshared channel (PSSCH) in a carrier, and the transmission bandwidth ofthe S-SSB may be within a (pre)configured SL BWP. For example, thebandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RBs. For example, the PSBCH may span 11RBs. The frequency position of the S-SSB may be (pre)set. Therefore, theUE does not need to perform hypothesis detection in a frequency todiscover the S-SSB in the carrier.

In the NR SL system, a plurality of numerologies including differentSCSs and/or CP lengths may be supported. As an SCS increases, the lengthof a time resource for S-SSB transmission of a UE may be shortened.Accordingly, in order to ensure coverage of the S-SSB, a transmitting UEmay transmit one or more S-SSBs to a receiving terminal within one S-SSBtransmission period according to the SCS. For example, the number ofS-SSBs that the transmitting terminal transmits to the receivingterminal within one S-SSB transmission period may be pre-configured orconfigured for the transmitting UE. For example, the S-SSB transmissionperiod may be 160 ms. For example, for all SCSs, an S-SSB transmissionperiod of 160 ms may be supported.

For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz in FR1, the transmitting UE maytransmit one or two S-SSBs to the receiving UE within one S-SSBtransmission period. For example, when the SCS is 30 kHz in FR1, thetransmitting UE may transmit one or two S-SSBs to the receiving UEwithin one S-SSB transmission period. For example, when the SCS is 60kHz in FR1, the transmitting UE may transmit one, two or four S-SSBs tothe receiving UE within one S-SSB transmission period.

For example, when the SCS is 60 kHz in FR2, the transmitting UE maytransmit 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 S-SSBs to the receiving UE within oneS-SSB transmission period. For example, when the SCS is 120 kHz in FR2,the transmitting UE may transmit 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 S-SSBs to thereceiving UE within one S-SSB transmission period.

When the SCS is 60 kHz, two types of CPs may be supported. Further, thestructure of an S-SSB transmitted by the transmitting UE to thereceiving UE may be different according to a CP type. For example, theCP type may be an NCP or an ECP. Specifically, for example, when the CPtype is NCP, the number of symbols to which the PSBCH is mapped in theS-SSB transmitted by the transmitting UE may be 9 or 8. On the otherhand, for example, when the CP type is ECP, the number of symbols towhich the PSBCH is mapped in the S-SSB transmitted by the transmittingUE may be 7 or 6. For example, the PSBCH may be mapped to the firstsymbol of the S-SSB transmitted by the transmitting UE. For example,upon receipt of the S-SSB, the receiving UE may perform an automaticgain control (AGC) operation in the first symbol period of the S-SSB.

FIG. 7 illustrates UEs that conduct V2X or SL communication between them

Referring to FIG. 7 , the term “UE” in V2X or SL communication maymainly refer to a terminal of a user. However, when network equipmentsuch as a BS transmits and receives a signal according to a UE-to-UEcommunication scheme, the BS may also be regarded as a kind of UE. Forexample, a first UE (UE1) may be a first device 100 and a second UE(UE2) may be a second device 200.

For example, UE1 may select a resource unit corresponding to specificresources in a resource pool which is a set of resources. UE1 may thentransmit an SL signal in the resource unit. For example, UE2, which is areceiving UE, may be configured with the resource pool in which UE1 maytransmit a signal, and detect the signal from UE1 in the resource pool.

When UE1 is within the coverage of the BS, the BS may indicate theresource pool to UE1. On the contrary, when UE1 is outside the coverageof the BS, another UE may indicate the resource pool to UE1, or UE1 mayuse a predetermined resource pool.

In general, a resource pool may include a plurality of resource units,and each UE may select one or more resource units and transmit an SLsignal in the selected resource units.

FIG. 8 illustrates resource units for V2X or SL communication.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the total frequency resources of a resource poolmay be divided into NF frequency resources, and the total time resourcesof the resource pool may be divided into NT time resources. Thus, atotal of NF*NT resource units may be defined in the resource pool. FIG.8 illustrates an example in which the resource pool is repeated with aperiodicity of NT subframes.

As illustrates in FIG. 8 , one resource unit (e.g., Unit #0) may appearrepeatedly with a periodicity. Alternatively, to achieve a diversityeffect in the time or frequency domain, the index of a physical resourceunit to which one logical resource unit is mapped may change over timein a predetermined pattern. In the resource unit structure, a resourcepool may refer to a set of resource units available to a UE fortransmission of an SL signal.

Resource pools may be divided into several types. For example, eachresource pool may be classified as follows according to the content ofan SL signal transmitted in the resource pool.

(1) A scheduling assignment (SA) may be a signal including informationabout the position of resources used for a transmitting UE to transmitan SL data channel, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or multipleinput multiple output (MIMO) transmission scheme required for datachannel demodulation, a timing advertisement (TA), and so on. The SA maybe multiplexed with the SL data in the same resource unit, fortransmission. In this case, an SA resource pool may refer to a resourcepool in which an SA is multiplexed with SL data, for transmission. TheSA may be referred to as an SL control channel.

(2) An SL data channel (PSSCH) may be a resource pool used for atransmitting UE to transmit user data. When an SA is multiplexed with SLdata in the same resource unit, for transmission, only the SL datachannel except for SA information may be transmitted in a resource poolfor the SL data channel. In other words, REs used to transmit the SAinformation in an individual resource unit in an SA resource pool maystill be used to transmit SL data in the resource pool of the SL datachannel. For example, the transmitting UE may transmit the PSSCH bymapping the PSSCH to consecutive PRBs.

(3) A discovery channel may be a resource pool used for a transmittingUE to transmit information such as its ID. The transmitting UE mayenable a neighboring UE to discover itself on the discovery channel.

Even when SL signals have the same contents as described above,different resource pools may be used according to thetransmission/reception properties of the SL signals. For example, inspite of the same SL data channel or discovery message, a differentresources pool may be used for an SL signal according to a transmissiontiming determination scheme for the SL signal (e.g., whether the SLsignal is transmitted at a reception time of a synchronization referencesignal (RS) or at a time resulting from applying a predetermined TA tothe reception time), a resource allocation scheme for the SL signal(e.g., whether a BS allocates transmission resources of an individualsignal to an individual transmitting UE or whether the individualtransmitting UE selects its own individual signal transmission resourcesin the resource pool), the signal format of the SL signal (e.g., thenumber of symbols occupied by each SL signal in one subframe, or thenumber of subframes used for transmission of one SL signal), thestrength of a signal from the BS, the transmission power of the SL UE,and so on.

Resource allocation in SL will be described below.

FIG. 9 illustrates a procedure of performing V2X or SL communicationaccording to a transmission mode in a UE according to an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. In various embodiments of the presentdisclosure, a transmission mode may also be referred to as a mode or aresource allocation mode. For the convenience of description, atransmission mode in LTE may be referred to as an LTE transmission mode,and a transmission mode in NR may be referred to as an NR resourceallocation mode.

For example, FIG. 9 (a) illustrates a UE operation related to LTEtransmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 9 (a) illustrates a UE operation related to NR resourceallocation mode 1. For example, LTE transmission mode 1 may be appliedto general SL communication, and LTE transmission mode 3 may be appliedto V2X communication.

For example, FIG. 9 (b) illustrates a UE operation related to LTEtransmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 9 (b) illustrates a UE operation related to NR resourceallocation mode 2.

Referring to FIG. 9 (a), in LTE transmission mode 1, LTE transmissionmode 3, or NR resource allocation mode 1, a BS may schedule SL resourcesto be used for SL transmission of a UE. For example, the BS may performresource scheduling for UE1 through a PDCCH (more specifically, DLcontrol information (DCI)), and UE1 may perform V2X or SL communicationwith UE2 according to the resource scheduling. For example, UE1 maytransmit sidelink control information (SCI) to UE2 on a PSCCH, and thentransmit data based on the SCI to UE2 on a PSSCH.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 1, a UE may be provided withor allocated resources for one or more SL transmissions of one transportblock (TB) by a dynamic grant from the BS. For example, the BS mayprovide the UE with resources for transmission of a PSCCH and/or a PSSCHby the dynamic grant. For example, a transmitting UE may report an SLhybrid automatic repeat request (SL HARQ) feedback received from areceiving UE to the BS. In this case, PUCCH resources and a timing forreporting the SL HARQ feedback to the BS may be determined based on anindication in a PDCCH, by which the BS allocates resources for SLtransmission.

For example, the DCI may indicate a slot offset between the DCIreception and a first SL transmission scheduled by the DCI. For example,a minimum gap between the DCI that schedules the SL transmissionresources and the resources of the first scheduled SL transmission maynot be smaller than a processing time of the UE.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 1, the UE may beperiodically provided with or allocated a resource set for a pluralityof SL transmissions through a configured grant from the BS. For example,the grant to be configured may include configured grant type 1 orconfigured grant type 2. For example, the UE may determine a TB to betransmitted in each occasion indicated by a given configured grant.

For example, the BS may allocate SL resources to the UE in the samecarrier or different carriers.

For example, an NR gNB may control LTE-based SL communication. Forexample, the NR gNB may transmit NR DCI to the UE to schedule LTE SLresources. In this case, for example, a new RNTI may be defined toscramble the NR DCI. For example, the UE may include an NR SL module andan LTE SL module.

For example, after the UE including the NR SL module and the LTE SLmodule receives NR SL DCI from the gNB, the NR SL module may convert theNR SL DCI into LTE DCI type 5A, and transmit LTE DCI type 5A to the LTESL module every X ms. For example, after the LTE SL module receives LTEDCI format 5A from the NR SL module, the LTE SL module may activateand/or release a first LTE subframe after Z ms. For example, X may bedynamically indicated by a field of the DCI. For example, a minimumvalue of X may be different according to a UE capability. For example,the UE may report a single value according to its UE capability. Forexample, X may be positive.

Referring to FIG. 9 (b), in LTE transmission mode 2, LTE transmissionmode 4, or NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may determine SLtransmission resources from among SL resources preconfigured orconfigured by the BS/network. For example, the preconfigured orconfigured SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the UE mayautonomously select or schedule SL transmission resources. For example,the UE may select resources in a configured resource pool on its own andperform SL communication in the selected resources. For example, the UEmay select resources within a selection window on its own by a sensingand resource (re)selection procedure. For example, the sensing may beperformed on a subchannel basis. UE1, which has autonomously selectedresources in a resource pool, may transmit SCI to UE2 on a PSCCH andthen transmit data based on the SCI to UE2 on a PSSCH.

For example, a UE may help another UE with SL resource selection. Forexample, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may be configured witha grant configured for SL transmission. For example, in NR resourceallocation mode 2, the UE may schedule SL transmission for another UE.For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may reserve SLresources for blind retransmission.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, UE1 may indicate thepriority of SL transmission to UE2 by SCI. For example, UE2 may decodethe SCI and perform sensing and/or resource (re)selection based on thepriority. For example, the resource (re)selection procedure may includeidentifying candidate resources in a resource selection window by UE2and selecting resources for (re)transmission from among the identifiedcandidate resources by UE2. For example, the resource selection windowmay be a time interval during which the UE selects resources for SLtransmission. For example, after UE2 triggers resource (re)selection,the resource selection window may start at T1≥0, and may be limited bythe remaining packet delay budget of UE2. For example, when specificresources are indicated by the SCI received from UE1 by the second UEand an L1 SL reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement of thespecific resources exceeds an SL RSRP threshold in the step ofidentifying candidate resources in the resource selection window by UE2,UE2 may not determine the specific resources as candidate resources. Forexample, the SL RSRP threshold may be determined based on the priorityof SL transmission indicated by the SCI received from UE1 by UE2 and thepriority of SL transmission in the resources selected by UE2.

For example, the L1 SL RSRP may be measured based on an SL demodulationreference signal (DMRS). For example, one or more PSSCH DMRS patternsmay be configured or preconfigured in the time domain for each resourcepool. For example, PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1 and/or type 2 may beidentical or similar to a PSSCH DMRS pattern in the frequency domain.For example, an accurate DMRS pattern may be indicated by the SCI. Forexample, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the transmitting UE mayselect a specific DMRS pattern from among DMRS patterns configured orpreconfigured for the resource pool.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the transmitting UE mayperform initial transmission of a TB without reservation based on thesensing and resource (re)selection procedure. For example, thetransmitting UE may reserve SL resources for initial transmission of asecond TB using SCI associated with a first TB based on the sensing andresource (re)selection procedure.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may reserveresources for feedback-based PSSCH retransmission through signalingrelated to a previous transmission of the same TB. For example, themaximum number of SL resources reserved for one transmission, includinga current transmission, may be 2, 3 or 4. For example, the maximumnumber of SL resources may be the same regardless of whether HARQfeedback is enabled. For example, the maximum number of HARQ(re)transmissions for one TB may be limited by a configuration orpreconfiguration. For example, the maximum number of HARQ(re)transmissions may be up to 32. For example, if there is noconfiguration or preconfiguration, the maximum number of HARQ(re)transmissions may not be specified. For example, the configurationor preconfiguration may be for the transmitting UE. For example, in NRresource allocation mode 2, HARQ feedback for releasing resources whichare not used by the UE may be supported.

For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may indicate oneor more subchannels and/or slots used by the UE to another UE by SCI.For example, the UE may indicate one or more subchannels and/or slotsreserved for PSSCH (re)transmission by the UE to another UE by SCI. Forexample, a minimum allocation unit of SL resources may be a slot. Forexample, the size of a subchannel may be configured or preconfigured forthe UE.

SCI will be described below.

While control information transmitted from a BS to a UE on a PDCCH isreferred to as DCI, control information transmitted from one UE toanother UE on a PSCCH may be referred to as SCI. For example, the UE mayknow the starting symbol of the PSCCH and/or the number of symbols inthe PSCCH before decoding the PSCCH. For example, the SCI may include SLscheduling information. For example, the UE may transmit at least oneSCI to another UE to schedule the PSSCH. For example, one or more SCIformats may be defined.

For example, the transmitting UE may transmit the SCI to the receivingUE on the PSCCH. The receiving UE may decode one SCI to receive thePSSCH from the transmitting UE.

For example, the transmitting UE may transmit two consecutive SCIs(e.g., 2-stage SCI) on the PSCCH and/or PSSCH to the receiving UE. Thereceiving UE may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCI) toreceive the PSSCH from the transmitting UE. For example, when SCIconfiguration fields are divided into two groups in consideration of a(relatively) large SCI payload size, SCI including a first SCIconfiguration field group is referred to as first SCI. SCI including asecond SCI configuration field group may be referred to as second SCI.For example, the transmitting UE may transmit the first SCI to thereceiving UE on the PSCCH. For example, the transmitting UE may transmitthe second SCI to the receiving UE on the PSCCH and/or PSSCH. Forexample, the second SCI may be transmitted to the receiving UE on an(independent) PSCCH or on a PSSCH in which the second SCI is piggybackedto data. For example, the two consecutive SCIs may be applied todifferent transmissions (e.g., unicast, broadcast, or groupcast).

For example, the transmitting UE may transmit all or part of thefollowing information to the receiving UE by SCI. For example, thetransmitting UE may transmit all or part of the following information tothe receiving UE by first SCI and/or second SCI.

PSSCH-related and/or PSCCH-related resource allocation information, forexample, the positions/number of time/frequency resources, resourcereservation information (e.g. a periodicity), and/or

an SL channel state information (CSI) report request indicator or SL(L1) RSRP (and/or SL (L1) reference signal received quality (RSRQ)and/or SL (L1) received signal strength indicator (RSSI)) report requestindicator, and/or

an SL CSI transmission indicator (on PSSCH) (or SL (L1) RSRP (and/or SL(L1) RSRQ and/or SL (L1) RSSI) information transmission indicator),and/or

MCS information, and/or

transmission power information, and/or

L1 destination ID information and/or L1 source ID information, and/or

SL HARQ process ID information, and/or

new data indicator (NDI) information, and/or

redundancy version (RV) information, and/or

QoS information (related to transmission traffic/packet), for example,priority information, and/or

An SL CSI-RS transmission indicator or information about the number ofSL CSI-RS antenna ports (to be transmitted);

Location information about a transmitting UE or location (or distancearea) information about a target receiving UE (requested to transmit anSL HARQ feedback), and/or

RS (e.g., DMRS or the like) information related to decoding and/orchannel estimation of data transmitted on a PSSCH, for example,information related to a pattern of (time-frequency) mapping resourcesof the DMRS, rank information, and antenna port index information.

For example, the first SCI may include information related to channelsensing. For example, the receiving UE may decode the second SCI usingthe PSSCH DMRS. A polar code used for the PDCCH may be applied to thesecond SCI. For example, the payload size of the first SCI may be equalfor unicast, groupcast and broadcast in a resource pool. After decodingthe first SCI, the receiving UE does not need to perform blind decodingon the second SCI. For example, the first SCI may include schedulinginformation about the second SCI.

In various embodiments of the present disclosure, since the transmittingUE may transmit at least one of the SCI, the first SCI, or the secondSCI to the receiving UE on the PSCCH, the PSCCH may be replaced with atleast one of the SCI, the first SCI, or the second SC. Additionally oralternatively, for example, the SCI may be replaced with at least one ofthe PSCCH, the first SCI, or the second SCI. Additionally oralternatively, for example, since the transmitting UE may transmit thesecond SCI to the receiving UE on the PSSCH, the PSSCH may be replacedwith the second SCI.

Hereinafter, acquisition of synchronization of a SL UE will bedescribed.

In time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiplesaccess (FDMA) systems, accurate time and frequency synchronization maybe required. When the time and frequency synchronization are notaccurate, system performance may be degraded due to inter symbolinterference (ISI) and inter carrier interference (ICI). This is alsoapplied to V2X in the same way. In V2X, for time/frequencysynchronization, a sidelink (SL) synchronization signal (SLSS) may beused in physical layer, and a master information block-sidelink-V2X(MIB-SL-V2X) may be used in a radio link control (RLC) layer.

Tx/Rx Beam Sweep

When a very high frequency is used as in mmWave, beamforming may begenerally used to overcome high pathloss. In order to use beamforming,first, the best beam pair needs to be detected among several beam pairsbetween a transmitting end and a receiving end. This process may bereferred to as beam acquisition or beam tracking or beam tracking interms of the receiving end. In particular, in mmWave, analog beamformingis used, and thus a vehicle needs to perform beam sweeping for switchingbeams in different directions at different times using an antenna arrayof the vehicle itself during the beam acquisition or the beam tracking.

Multiple Active Sidelink BWPs

In NR V2X, communication through support of a plurality of BWPs (i.e.,support of a plurality of configured sidelink BWPs and/or support of aplurality of active sidelink BWPs) may be considered. This may be forsupporting different numerologies or heterogeneousservices/communications that require parameters and/or requirements ormay also be for ICI reduction due to a reduced CP length.

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a 5G system capable ofpositioning a UE connected to an NG-RAN or an E-UTRAN according to anembodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 10 , an AMF may receive a request for a locationservice related to a specific target UE from another entity such as agateway mobile location center (GMLC) or may autonomously determine toinitiate the location service on behalf of the specific target UE. TheAMF may then transmit a location service request to a locationmanagement function (LMF). Upon receipt of the location service request,the LMF may process the location service request and return a processingresult including information about an estimated location of the UE tothe AMF. On the other hand, when the location service request isreceived from another entity such as the GMLC, the AMF may deliver theprocessing result received from the LMF to the other entity.

A new generation evolved-NB (ng-eNB) and a gNB, which are networkelements of an NG-RAN capable of providing measurement results forpositioning, may measure radio signals for the target UE and transmitresult values to the LMF. The ng-eNB may also control some transmissionpoints (TPs) such as remote radio heads or positioning reference signal(PRS)-dedicated TPs supporting a PRS-based beacon system for an E-UTRA.

The LMF is connected to an enhanced serving mobile location center(E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC may enable the LMF to access an E-UTRAN. Forexample, the E-SMLC may enable the LMF to support observed timedifference of arrival (OTDoA), which is one of positioning methods inthe E-UTRAN, by using DL measurements obtained by the target UE throughsignals transmitted by the eNB and/or the PRS-dedicated TPs in theE-UTRAN.

The LMF may be connected to an SUPL location platform (SLP). The LMF maysupport and manage different location determination services for targetUEs. The LMF may interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB of atarget UE to obtain a location measurement of the UE. For positioningthe target UE, the LMF may determine a positioning method based on alocation service (LCS) client type, a QoS requirement, UE positioningcapabilities, gNB positioning capabilities, and ng-eNB positioningcapabilities, and apply the positioning method to the serving gNB and/orthe serving ng-eNB. The LMF may determine additional information such asa location estimate for the target UE and the accuracy of the positionestimation and a speed. The SLP is a secure user plane location (SUPL)entity responsible for positioning through the user plane.

The UE may measure a DL signal through sources such as the NG-RAN andE-UTRAN, different global navigation satellite systems (GNSSes), aterrestrial beacon system (TBS), a wireless local area network (WLAN)access point, a Bluetooth beacon, and a UE barometric pressure sensor.The UE may include an LCS application and access the LCS applicationthrough communication with a network to which the UE is connected orthrough another application included in the UE. The LCS application mayinclude a measurement and calculation function required to determine thelocation of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independentpositioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) andreport the location of the UE independently of an NG-RAN transmission.The independently obtained positioning information may be utilized asauxiliary information of positioning information obtained from thenetwork.

FIG. 11 illustrates exemplary implementation of a network forpositioning a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Upon receipt of a location service request when the UE is in aconnection management—IDLE (CM-IDLE) state, the AMF may establish asignaling connection with the UE and request a network trigger serviceto assign a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. This operation is not shownin FIG. 11 . That is, FIG. 11 may be based on the assumption that the UEis in connected mode. However, the signaling connection may be releasedby the NG-RAN due to signaling and data deactivation during positioning.

Referring to FIG. 11 , a network operation for positioning a UE will bedescribed in detail. In step 1 a, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC mayrequest a location service for positioning a target UE to a serving AMF.However, even though the GMLC does not request the location service, theserving AMF may determine that the location service for positioning thetarget UE is required in step 1 b. For example, for positioning the UEfor an emergency call, the serving AMF may determine to perform thelocation service directly.

The AMF may then transmit a location service request to an LMF in step2, and the LMF may start location procedures with the serving-eNB andthe serving gNB to obtain positioning data or positioning assistancedata in step 3 a. Additionally, the LMF may initiate a locationprocedure for DL positioning with the UE in step 3 b. For example, theLMF may transmit positioning assistance data (assistance data defined in3GPP TS 36.355) to the UE, or obtain a location estimate or locationmeasurement. Although step 3 b may be additionally performed after step3 a, step 3 b may be performed instead of step 3 a.

In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF.The location service response may include information indicating whetherlocation estimation of the UE was successful and the location estimateof the UE. Then, when the procedure of FIG. 11 is initiated in step 1 a,the AMF may deliver the location service response to the 5GC entity suchas the GMLC. When the procedure of FIG. 11 is initiated in step 1 b, theAMF may use the location service response to provide the locationservice related to an emergency call or the like.

Hereinafter, a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) procedure in asidelink will be described.

An error compensation scheme for ensuring communication reliability mayinclude a Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme and an Automatic RepeatRequest (ARQ) scheme. In the FEC scheme, error at a reception end may becorrected by adding an extra error correction code to information bits.The FEC scheme is advantageous in that time delay is low and informationthat is separately transmitted and received between transmission andreception ends is not required, but is disadvantageous in that systemefficiency is degraded in a fine channel environment. The ARQ scheme hashigh transmission reliability, but is disadvantageous in that time delayoccurs and system efficiency is degraded in a poor channel environment.

The Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) scheme is obtained bycombining the FEC and the ARQ, and in this case, performance may beimproving performance by checking whether data received by a physicallayer contains error that is not capable of being decoded and requestingretransmission when error occurs.

In the case of SL unicast and groupcast, HARQ feedback and HARQcombining at a physical layer may be supported. For example, when areception UE operates in a resource allocation mode 1 or 2, thereception UE may receive a PSSCH from a transmission UE, and thereception UE may transmit HARQ feedback with respect to the PSSCH to thetransmission UE using a Sidelink Feedback Control Information (SFCI)format through a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

For example, the SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast. In thiscase, in a non-Code Block Group (non-CBG) operation, the reception UEmay decode the PSCCH with the reception UE as a target, and when thereception UE successfully decodes a transmission block related to thePSCCH, the reception UE may generate a HARQ-ACK. The reception UE maytransmit the HARQ-ACK to the transmission UE. In contrast, when thereception UE decodes the PSCCH with the reception UE as a target andthen does not successfully decode the transmission block related to thePSCCH, the reception UE may generate the HARQ-NACK. The reception UE maytransmit the HARQ-NACK to the transmission UE.

When sidelink HARQ feedback is enabled for groupcast, the UE maydetermine whether to transmit HARQ feedback based on a TX-RX distanceand/or RSRP. In the case of a non-CBG operation, two options may besupported.

(1) Option 1: When a reception UE fails to decode a correspondingtransport block after decoding a PSCCH associated to the reception UE,the reception UE may transmit HARQ-NACK on a PSFCH. Otherwise, thereception UE may not transmit a signal on the PSFCH.

(2) Option 2: When the reception UE successfully decodes the transportblock, the reception UE may transmit HARQ-ACK on the PSFCH. After thereception UE decodes an associated PSCCH using the reception UE as atarget, if the reception UE does not successfully decode thecorresponding transport block, the reception UE may transmit HARQ-NACKon the PSFCH.

In the case of mode 1 resource allocation, a time between HARQ feedbacktransmission on the PSFCH and the PSSCH may be (pre)configured. In thecase of unicast and groupcast, when retransmission on sidelink isrequired, this may be indicated to an eNB by a UE within coverage usingthe PUCCH. The transmission UE may also transmit indication to a servingeNB of the transmission UE in the form of scheduling request (SR)/bufferstatus report (BSR) but not the form of HARQ ACK/NACK. Even if the eNBdoes not receive the indication, the eNB may schedule a sidelinkretransmission resource to the UE.

In the case of mode 2 resource allocation, a time between HARQ feedbacktransmission on the PSFCH and the PSSCH may be (pre)configured.

Embodiment 1

The present embodiment relates to a technology of transmitting apositioning reference signal (PRS) for sidelink positioning through aphysical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) in an NR-V2X system andproposes a PRS transmission method using a PRS transmission structurepreconfigured on the PSFCH and the PSFCH in order to effectively use aPSFCH-PRS resource (a PSFCH resource for PRS).

For pre-configuration of the PSFCH-PRS, on-demand positioning may beconsidered, and 1) a transmission structure between a request PRS and aresponse PRS, 2) a time gap between a request PRS transmission time anda response PRS reception time (request PRS-response PRS time gap), 3)PRS ID allocation for request PRS and response PRS transmission, and thelike may be mainly considered.

When sidelink on-demand positioning is performed, PSFCH-PRS resourcesfor efficient use of sidelink transmission resources may bepreconfigured.

Hereinafter, power sharing (or power control) methods for solving powerdistribution problems that may occur when a UE uses the same PSFCHresource to participate in or support different heterogeneous serviceswill be described in detail.

In particular, in the present embodiment, there are proposed methods forsolving various power sharing problems that may occur when a PSFCHresource is used for HARQ-ACK feedback information (HFI) transmissionfor NR-V2X services and PRS transmission for sidelink positioningservices.

The following terms are used to explain the methods according to thepresent embodiment.

-   -   Data may include message information, voice/image information,        sensor information, position information, and the like.    -   The sidelink positioning may include on-demand positioning and        broadcast positioning.    -   On-demand positioning may include absolute positioning and        relative positioning.    -   An upper (higher) layer may include an application layer and a        facility layer.    -   In sidelink on-demand positioning, a PRS may include a request        PRS (TX-PRS or PRS request) and a response PRS (RX-PRS or PRS        response). In this case, the response PRS means a PRS        transmitted by a UE that receives the request PRS in response to        the request PRS.    -   A PSFCH-HARQ resource (or PSFCH resource (used) for HARQ        feedback) indicates a resource allocated for HFI transmission        among all available resources on a PSFCH.    -   A PSFCH-PRS resource (or PSFCH resource (used) for PRS) means a        resource allocated for PRS transmission among all available        resources on a PSFCH. In an embodiment, if a PRS and HFI are        simultaneously transmitted on the same PSFCH, PSFCH-PRS        resources may be the remaining resources except for        PSFCH-feedback resources for HFI transmission.    -   A positioning UE may mean a UE that transmits a request PRS to        perform positioning, and a neighbor UE may mean a UE that        participates in positioning and transmits a response PRS.    -   When the UE is requested to perform or participate in        positioning by higher layers, the UE may transmit a request PRS        and/or a response PRS.    -   The positioning service priority may vary depending on the        location based service (LBS) that the UE intends to perform,        which may be provided in first-stage SCI/first SCI on a physical        sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and/or second stage SCI/second        SCI on a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

In the description of the following embodiments, a larger thresholdrelated to a specific service priority may mean a lower threshold level,and a smaller threshold may mean a higher threshold level. That is, whenthe priority of a service is greater than a specific threshold, it maymean that the priority of the corresponding service is lower than aspecific threshold level. On the other hand, when the priority of aservice is smaller than a specific threshold, it may mean that thepriority of the corresponding service is higher than a specificthreshold level.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of various methods for solvingpower sharing problems that may occur when PSFCH resources composed ofPSFCH-HARQ resources and PSFCH-PRS resources (or including PSFCH-HARQresources and PSFCH-PRS resources) are used for transmission of HFIrelated to NR-V2X services and transmission of a PRS (request PRS and/orresponse PRS) related to sidelink positioning services. Here, the powersharing problem that may be observed when the UE participates in orsupport NR-V2X services and sidelink positioning services may refer toHFI transmission power loss or PRS transmission power loss that mayoccur when the UE intends to simultaneously perform HFI transmission andPRS transmission on a PSFCH-HARQ resource and a PSFCH-PRS resource atthe same time/time point, for example, the same logical slot, subframe,or symbol. The transmission power loss may cause reception performancedegradation such as a decrease in the coverage of a transmitting UE anda decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a receiving UE.Therefore, the present embodiment proposes various methods foreffectively solving the power sharing problem. In the description below,the use of the same PSFCH resource may mean that the UE uses a PSFCHresource composed of a PSFCH-HARQ resource and a PSFCH-PRS resourceplaced at the same time/time point.

Power sharing problems may occur when the UE attempts to simultaneouslyperform HFI transmission and PRS (request PRS and/or response PRS)transmission on the same PSFCH resource, and these power sharingproblems may be effectively solved based on the NR-V2X service orproximity service (ProSE) per packet priority (PPPP) related to the HFItransmission and the positioning priority per service (PPPS) related tothe PRS transmission.

In an embodiment, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFItransmission is higher than a predefined priority threshold (i.e.,(pre-)configured PPPP threshold) level, the power for HFI transmissionmay be allocated in proportion to the corresponding priority. On theother hand, when the NR-V2X service priority is lower than or equal tothe predefined priority threshold level, the power for HFI transmissionmay be reduced (in proportion to the corresponding priority or by apreset level) or may not be allocated. In addition, if the positioningservice priority related to PRS transmission is higher than a predefinedpriority threshold (i.e., (pre-)configured PPPS threshold) level, thepower for PRS transmission may be allocated in proportion to thecorresponding priority. On the other hand, if the positioning servicepriority is lower than or equal to the predefined priority thresholdlevel, the power for PRS transmission may be reduced (in proportion tothe corresponding priority or by a preset level) or may not beallocated. In this case, the (pre-)configured PPPS threshold and the(pre-)configured PPPP threshold may be predefined or determined by thelocation server/LMF and/or BS and then transmitted to the UE.

Hereinafter, HFI and/or PRS transmission methods based on various powersharing methods will be described.

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that power sharing is not allowed        between HFI transmission and PRS transmission and power is        allocated only to the HFI transmission. That is, the NR-V2X        service priority threshold level related to HFI transmission may        be set to the lowest (or the NR-V2X service priority related to        HFI transmission may be set to the lowest), but the positioning        service priority threshold level related to PRS transmission may        be set to the highest (or the positioning service priority        related to PRS transmission may be set to the highest). By doing        so, all power may be allocated only to the HFI transmission, and        no power may be allocated for the PRS transmission so that the        PRS transmission may be dropped.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that power sharing is not allowed        between HFI transmission and PRS transmission and power is        allocated only to the PRS transmission. That is, the NR-V2X        service priority threshold related to HFI transmission may be        set to the highest (or the NR-V2X service priority related to        HFI transmission may be set to the lowest), but the positioning        service priority threshold level related to PRS transmission may        be set to the lowest (or the positioning service priority        related to PRS transmission may be set to the lowest). By doing        so, all power may be allocated only to the PRS transmission, and        the HFI transmission may be controlled to be dropped.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a case in which, in the PRStransmission of Method-2, HFI is transmitted to support an NR-V2Xservice lower than the NR-V2X service priority threshold even though thepositioning service priority is higher than the predefined prioritythreshold. That is, as an embodiment of such an exception operation, itmay be considered that the operation priority between HFI transmissionand request PRS transmission takes precedence over the power sharingmethod, that is, a rule disallowing power sharing between HFItransmission and PRS transmission. In the following, power sharingmethods for HFI transmission and request PRS transmission in the abovecase will be described in detail.

As the exception operation in Method-2, in an embodiment, if HFItransmission takes precedence over request PRS transmission, all powermay be allocated only to the HFI transmission and the request PRStransmission may be dropped. In another embodiment, if HFI transmissiontakes precedence over request PRS transmission, the power value (amount)for HFI transmission and the power value (amount) for request PRStransmission may be calculated, distributed, and/or configured inadvance and then applied.

As the exception operation in Method-2, if HFI transmission takesprecedence over response PRS transmission, the HFI transmission andresponse PRS transmission may be performed similarly to the case whereHFI transmission takes precedence over to request PRS transmission.

-   -   Method-3: For simultaneous transmission of HFI and a PRS, the        total power (or available power on a corresponding PSFCH) may be        shared or distributed. That is, when the NR-V2X service priority        related to HFI transmission is higher than the predefined        priority threshold and the positioning service priority related        to PRS transmission is higher than the predefined priority        threshold, power sharing between the HFI transmission and PRS        transmission may be performed as follows: 1) the total power may        be distributed in proportion to the NR-V2X service priority        related to HFI transmission and the positioning service priority        related to PRS transmission; 2) the total power may be equally        distributed; or 3) the power for HFI transmission and the power        for request PRS (or response PRS) transmission may be        calculated, distributed and configured in advance and then        applied.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a case in which, in the PRStransmission of Method-3, HFI is transmitted to support NR-V2X serviceseven though the positioning service priority is higher than thepredefined priority threshold level. That is, as an embodiment of suchan exception operation, it may be considered that the operation prioritybetween HFI transmission and request PRS transmission takes precedenceover the power sharing method. In the following, power sharing methodsfor HFI transmission and request PRS transmission in the above case willbe described in detail.

As the exception operation in Method-3, in an embodiment, if HFItransmission takes precedence over request PRS transmission, all powermay be allocated only to the HFI transmission and the request PRStransmission may be dropped. As another embodiment, if HFI transmissiontakes precedence over request PRS transmission, the power value (amount)for HFI transmission and the power value (amount) for request PRStransmission may be calculated, distributed, and/or configured inadvance and then applied.

As the exception operation in Method-3, if HFI transmission takesprecedence over response PRS transmission, the HFI transmission andresponse PRS transmission may be performed similarly to the case whereHFI transmission takes precedence over to request PRS transmission.

-   -   Method-4: Even when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFI        transmission is lower than or equal to the predefined priority        threshold level or the positioning service priority related to        PRS transmission is lower than or equal to the predefined        priority threshold level, the total power (or available power on        a corresponding PSFCH resource) may be shared or distributed        between the HFI transmission and PRS transmission, similarly to        Method-3. That is, power sharing between HFI transmission and        PRS transmission may be performed as follows: 1) the total power        may be distributed in proportion to the NR-V2X service priority        related to HFI transmission and the positioning service priority        related to PRS transmission; 2) the total power may be equally        distributed; or 3) the power value (amount) for HFI transmission        and the power value (amount) for request PRS transmission may be        calculated, distributed and configured in advance and then        applied.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of methods for effectivelysolving power sharing problems, which may occur when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform HFI transmission and PRS (request PRS and/orresponse PRS) transmission on the same PSFCH resource, based on theNR-V2X service priority related to the HFI transmission. In anembodiment, proposed is a power sharing method between HFI transmissionand PRS transmission in consideration of only the NR-V2X servicepriority, that is, without consideration of the positioning servicepriority. The power sharing method between HFI transmission and PRStransmission in consideration of only the NR-V2X service priority mayensure backward compatibility with a conventional power sharing methodbetween HFI transmission and uplink (UL) transmission. In the following,various power sharing methods proposed for HFI transmission and PRStransmission will be described.

If the NR-V2X service priority related to HFI transmission is lower thanthe predefined priority threshold level when power is shared between HFItransmission and UL transmission, the UE may drop the HFI transmissionor reduce the power for HFI transmission. In this case, power sharingfor PRS transmission may be performed as follows.

-   -   If no HFI is transmitted, no PRS may be transmitted. That is,        when the power for HFI transmission is not allocated, the power        for PRS transmission may also not be allocated.    -   If the HFI transmission power is reduced, the PRS transmission        power may also be reduced proportionally.    -   If the HFI transmission power is reduced, the PRS transmission        power may not be allocated.    -   If the HFI transmission power is reduced, the UE may determine        whether to perform power sharing between the HFI transmission        and PRS transmission. Then, depending on the determination        results, the UE may reduce the PRS transmission power or may not        allocate the PRS transmission power. Hereinafter, a description        will be given of a method by which the UE determines whether to        share power between HFI transmission and PRS transmission and a        method by which the UE share the power according to the        determination results.

In an embodiment, whether power sharing is performed between HFItransmission and PRS transmission may be determined according to theNR-V2X service priority related to the HFI transmission. That is, if theNR-V2X service priority related to the HFI transmission is smaller thanthe predefined NR-V2X service priority threshold, the UE may allocatezero power to the PRS transmission for highly reliable HFI transmissionupon determining whether to perform the power sharing between the HFItransmission and PRS transmission. On the other hand, if the NR-V2Xservice priority related to the HFI transmission is greater than orequal to the predefined NR-V2X service priority threshold, the UE mayperform the power sharing between the HFI transmission and PRStransmission. In this case, the power for PRS transmission may beallocated as follows.

The power for HFI transmission and the power for PRS transmission may becalculated, distributed and configured in advance according to theNR-V2X service priority related to the HFI transmission. In this case,the power for HFI transmission may be distributed greater than or equalto the power for PRS transmission.

The ratio between the power for HFI transmission and the power for PRStransmission may be calculated, distributed, and/or configured inadvance according to the NR-V2X service priority related to the HFItransmission. In this case, the ratio may be determined such that thepower for HFI transmission is greater than or equal to the power for PRStransmission.

The power for HFI transmission and the power for PRS transmission may beequally shared.

In another embodiment, the UE may determine whether to perform powersharing between HFI transmission and PRS transmission based on the RSSIor RSRP value measured when receiving NR-V2X service packets (data orsignals) related to the HFI transmission. That is, if the RSSI or RSRPvalue measured upon reception of the NR-V2X service related to the HFItransmission is lower than or equal to a specific threshold, the UE mayallocate only power for HFI transmission without allocation of power forPRS transmission for highly reliable HFI transmission. On the otherhand, if the RSSI or RSRP value measured upon the reception of theNR-V2X service related to the HFI transmission is higher than thespecific threshold, the UE may determine that the power for HFItransmission is sufficient and then perform the power sharing. In thiscase, the power for PRS transmission may be allocated as follows.

The power for HFI transmission and the power for PRS transmission may becalculated, distributed, and configured in advance according to themeasured RSSI or RSRP value.

The ratio between the power for HFI transmission and the power for PRStransmission may be calculated, distributed, and/or configured inadvance according to the measured RSSI or RSRP value.

The power for HFI transmission and the power for PRS transmission may beequally shared.

If the NR-V2X service priority threshold level related to HFItransmission is set to the highest level, the UE may preferentiallycalculate the power required for UL transmission in performing powersharing between the HFI transmission and UL transmission. Then, the UEmay transmit HFI by allocating the residual power to the HFItransmission. In this case, power distribution for PRS transmission maybe performed similarly to the above-described power sharing method forHFI transmission and PRS transmission.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment relates to a PSFCH resource management method forsolving a half-duplex problem that may occur when the UE uses the samePSFCH resource to participate in or support different heterogeneousservices in the NR-V2X system.

In particular, the present disclosure relates to various methods forsolving half-duplex problems that may occur when PSFCH resources areused for HFI transmission for NR-V2X services and PRS transmission forsidelink positioning services and various methods for solvinghalf-duplex problems that may occur between transmission and receptionof a request PRS (or TX-PRS) and a response PRS (or RX-PRS) while the UEperforms on-demand sidelink positioning in the NR-V2X system.

The present disclosure proposes methods for solving various half-duplexproblems that may occur when PSFCH resources composed of PSFCH-HARQresources and PSFCH-PRS resources (or including PSFCH-HARQ resources andPSFCH-PRS resources) are used for HFI transmission related to NR-V2Xservices and PRS transmission related to sidelink positioning services.Here, the half-duplex problem that may be observed when the UEparticipates in or support NR-V2X services and sidelink positioningservices may refer to HFI loss or PRS loss that may occur when the UEintends to simultaneously perform HFI reception and PRS transmission ona PSFCH-HARQ resource and a PSFCH-PRS resource allocated at the sametime/time point or when the UE intend to simultaneously perform HFItransmission and PRS reception. In the following, various methods ofeffectively solving the half-duplex problem are proposed. In thedescription below, the use of the same PSFCH resource may mean the useof a PSFCH resource composed of a PSFCH-HARQ resource and a PSFCH-PRSresource placed at the same time/time point, for example, in the sameslot.

First, a description will be given of methods for effectively solvinghalf-duplex problems that may occur in the following cases: 1) when theUE attempts to simultaneously perform request PRS transmission and HFIreception on the same PSFCH resource; and 2) when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform response PRS transmission and HFI reception onthe same PSFCH resource.

1) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when request PRStransmission and HFI reception are performed simultaneously

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that HFI reception always has a        higher operation priority than request PRS transmission so that        the HFI reception is always performed first. That is, to prevent        a HFI reception failure (half-duplex problem) that occurs when a        HFI transmitting UE (UE transmitting HFI) transmits HFI without        knowing in advance a positioning service to be performed by a        HFI receiving UE (UE receiving HFI), and at the same time, the        HFI receiving UE transmits a request PRS without receiving the        HFI, it may be defined that the HFI receiving UE always performs        HFI reception first.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that request PRS transmission        always has a higher operation priority than HFI reception so        that the request PRS transmission is always performed first. In        this case, in order for the UE to receive HFI on another PSFCH        resource generated later, it is necessary to predefine an        operation in which the HFI transmitting UE repeatedly transmits        the HFI at least two times. For example, when an NR-V2X service        and a sidelink positioning service are supported on a PSFCH        resource, the HFI transmitting UE may repeatedly transmit the        HFI at least two or three times.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between HFI reception and        request PRS transmission may be dynamically determined according        to the NR-V2X service or packet priority (PPPP) related to the        HFI reception and the positioning service priority (PPPS)        related to the request PRS transmission. In the following,        embodiments according to Method-3 will be described.

As an example, when the positioning service priority related to requestPRS transmission is higher than a priority threshold ((pre-)configuredPPPS threshold) level predefined in relation to positioning services,and when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFI reception is lowerthan a second priority threshold ((pre-)configured PPPP threshold) levelpredefined in relation to NR-V2X services, the UE may determine thatpositioning service support is more important and perform the requestPRS transmission first. The UE may receive HFI on another PSFCH resourcethat is generated later. In this case, the (pre-)configured PPPSthreshold and the (pre-)configured PPPP threshold may be predefined, orthe (pre-)configured PPPS threshold and the (pre-)configured PPPPthreshold may be determined by the location server/LMF and/or BS.

As another example, when the HFI transmitting UE is capable of obtaininginformation on the priority of a positioning service, which is performedby the HFI receiving UE, the HFI transmitting UE may adjust the HFItransmission time based on the obtained information on the priority ofthe positioning service.

As another example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFIreception is higher than the predefined priority threshold level, the UEmay first perform the HFI reception regardless of the positioningservice priority related to request PRS transmission and then transmit arequest PRS on another PSFCH resource that is generated later.

As a further example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFIreception is lower than the predefined priority threshold level, andwhen the positioning service priority related to request PRStransmission is lower than the predefined priority threshold level, theoperation order may be determined according to the UE implementation (orservice policy).

2) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when responsePRS transmission and HFI reception are simultaneously attempted

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that HFI reception always has a        higher operation priority than response PRS transmission so that        the HFI reception is always performed first. For example, to        prevent a HFI reception failure in advance, which occurs when        the HFI transmitting UE transmits HFI without knowing in advance        a positioning service to be performed by the HFI receiving UE,        and at the same time, the HFI receiving UE transmits a response        PRS without receiving the HFI, it may be defined that the HFI        receiving UE always performs HFI reception first.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that response PRS transmission        has a higher operation priority than HFI reception so that the        response PRS transmission is always performed first. For        example, when the UE moves at a high speed, response PRS        transmission needs to be performed immediately after request PRS        transmission in order to improve positioning accuracy. In this        case, in order for the UE to receive HFI on another PSFCH        resource generated later, it is necessary to predefine an        operation in which the HFI transmitting UE repeatedly transmits        the HFI at least two times. For example, when an NR-V2X service        and a sidelink positioning service are supported on a PSFCH        resource, the HFI transmitting UE may repeatedly transmit the        HFI at least two or three times.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between HFI reception and        response PRS transmission may be dynamically determined        according to the NR-V2X service priority and the positioning        service priority. In the following, relevant embodiments will be        described.

As an example, when the positioning service priority related to responsePRS transmission is higher than the priority threshold level predefinedin relation to positioning services, and when the NR-V2X servicepriority related to HFI reception is lower than the predefined prioritythreshold level in relation to NR-V2X services, the UE may perform theresponse PRS transmission first and then receive HFI on another PSFCHresources generated later. In this case, if the HFI transmitting UE iscapable of obtain information on the priority of a positioning serviceperformed by the HFI receiving UE in advance, the HFI transmitting UEmay adjust the HFI transmission time.

As another example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFIreception is higher than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, the UE may perform the HFI reception first,regardless of the positioning service priority related to response PRStransmission. Then, the UE may transmit a response PRS on another PSFCHresource that is generated later.

As a further example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFIreception is lower than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, and when the positioning service priorityrelated to response PRS transmission is lower than the predefinedpriority threshold level in relation to positioning services, theoperation order may be determined according to the UE implementation (orservice policy).

Hereinafter, a description will be given of methods for effectivelysolving half-duplex problems that may occur in the following cases: 3)when the UE attempts to simultaneously perform HFI transmission andresponse PRS reception on the same PSFCH resource; and 4) when the UEattempts to simultaneously perform HFI transmission and request PRSreception on the same PSFCH resource.

3) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when HFItransmission and response PRS reception are simultaneously attempted

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that response PRS reception        always has a higher operation priority than HFI transmission so        that the response PRS reception is always performed first. For        example, when the UE moves at a high speed, response PRS        reception needs to be performed immediately after request PRS        transmission in order to improve positioning accuracy. That is,        to prevent a failure in response PRS reception in advance, which        occurs when a response PRS transmitting UE (UE transmitting a        response PRS) transmits a response PRS without knowing in        advance an NR-V2X service to be performed by a response PRS        receiving UE (UE receiving a response PRS), and at the same        time, the response PRS receiving UE transmits HFI without        receiving the response PRS, it may be defined that the response        PRS receiving UE always performs response PRS reception first.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that HFI transmission always has        a higher operation priority than response PRS reception so that        the HFI transmission is always performed first. In this case, in        order for the UE to receive a response PRS on another PSFCH        resource generated later, it is necessary to predefine an        operation in which the response PRS transmitting UE repeatedly        transmits the response PRS at least two times. For example, when        an NR-V2X service and a sidelink positioning service are        supported on a PSFCH resource, the response PRS transmitting UE        may repeatedly transmit the response PRS at least two or three        times.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between HFI transmission and        response PRS reception may be dynamically determined according        to the NR-V2X service priority and the positioning service        priority.

As an example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFItransmission is higher than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, the HFI transmission may be performedfirst, regardless of the positioning service priority related toresponse PRS reception, and then the response PRS reception may beperformed on another PSFCH resource generated later. If the response PRStransmitting UE is capable of obtaining information on the priority ofan NR-V2X service to be performed by the response PRS receiving UE, theresponse PRS transmitting UE may adjust the response PRS transmissiontime.

As another example, when the positioning service priority related toresponse PRS reception is higher than the predefined priority thresholdlevel in relation to positioning services, and when the NR-V2X servicepriority related to HFI transmission is lower than the predefinedpriority threshold level in relation to NR-V2X services, the responsePRS reception may be performed first, and then the HFI transmission maybe performed on another PSFCH resources generated later.

As a further example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFItransmission is lower than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, and when the positioning service priorityrelated to response PRS reception is lower than the predefined prioritythreshold level in relation to positioning services, the operation ordermay be determined according to the UE implementation (or servicepolicy).

4) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when HFItransmission and request PRS reception are simultaneously attempted

If a prior negotiation or agreement related to PRS transmission andreception is made between a positioning UE and a neighboring UE toperform on-demand positioning, the neighboring UE may expect to receivea request PRS at a specific time when a PSFCH occurs.

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that request PRS reception always        has a higher operation priority than HFI transmission so that        the request PRS reception is always performed first. To prevent        a failure in request PRS reception in advance, which occurs when        a request PRS transmitting UE (UE transmitting a request PRS)        transmits a request PRS without knowing in advance an NR-V2X        service to be performed by a request PRS receiving UE (UE        receiving a request PRS), and at the same time, the request PRS        receiving UE transmits HFI without receiving the request PRS, it        may be defined that the request PRS receiving UE always performs        request PRS reception first.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that HFI transmission always has        a higher operation priority than request PRS reception so that        the HFI transmission is always performed first. For example,        when the request PRS receiving UE receives no request PRS from        the request PRS transmitting UE within a maximum latency budget        from a predefined request PRS transmission time to request PRS        reception, the request PRS transmitting UE may retransmit the        request PRS or perform the prior negotiation or agreement        related to PRS transmission and reception to a UE expected to        perform request PRS reception.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between HFI transmission and        request PRS reception may be dynamically determined according to        the NR-V2X service priority and the positioning service        priority.

As an example, if the NR-V2X service priority related to HFItransmission is higher than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, the UE may perform the HFI transmissionfirst, regardless of the positioning service priority related to requestPRS reception and then receive a request PRS on another PSFCH resourcegenerated later. In this case, in order for the UE to receive theresponse PRS on the other PSFCH resource generated later, it isnecessary to predefine an operation in which the request PRStransmitting UE repeatedly transmits the request PRS at least two times.For example, when an NR-V2X service and a sidelink positioning serviceare supported on a PSFCH resource, the request PRS transmitting UE mayrepeatedly transmit the request PRS at least two or three times. In thiscase, if the request PRS transmitting UE is capable of obtaininformation on the priority of an NR-V2X service performed by therequest PRS receiving UE in advance, the request PRS transmitting UE mayadjust the request PRS transmission time.

As another example, when the positioning service priority related torequest PRS reception is higher than the predefined priority thresholdlevel in relation to positioning services, and when the NR-V2X servicepriority related to HFI transmission is lower than the predefinedpriority threshold level in relation to NR-V2X services, the UE mayreceive a request PRS first and attempt HFI transmission on anotherPSFCH resource that is generated later.

As a further example, when the NR-V2X service priority related to HFItransmission is lower than the predefined priority threshold level inrelation to NR-V2X services, and when the positioning service priorityrelated to request PRS reception is lower than the predefined prioritythreshold level in relation to positioning services, the operation ordermay be determined according to the UE implementation (or servicepolicy).

Hereinafter, there are proposed methods of solving half-duplex problemsthat may occur when a PSFCH resource is used to transmit and receive arequest PRS and a response PRS in on-demand sidelink positioning. Here,the half-duplex problem observed in the positioning operation processmay mean PRS loss that may occur in the following cases: 5) when the UEattempts to simultaneously perform request PRS transmission and responsePRS reception on the same PSFCH resource; and 6) when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform response PRS transmission and request PRSreception on the same PSFCH resource. In the following, various methodsof effectively solving the half-duplex problem are proposed.

5) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when request PRStransmission and response PRS reception are simultaneously performed onsame PSFCH resource from perspective of positioning UE

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that response PRS reception        always has a higher operation priority than request PRS        transmission so that the response PRS reception is always        performed first. When the UE moves at a high speed, response PRS        reception needs to be performed immediately after request PRS        transmission in order to improve positioning accuracy. To        prevent a failure in response PRS reception in advance, which        occurs when the response PRS transmitting UE transmits a        response PRS without knowing in advance that the response PRS        receiving UE intends to participate in or perform two or more        different sidelink positioning services, and at the same time,        the response PRS receiving UE transmits a request PRS for        performing other sidelink positioning without reception of the        response PRS, it may be defined that the response PRS receiving        UE always performs response PRS reception before request PRS        transmission.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that request PRS transmission        always has a higher operation priority than response PRS        reception so that the request PRS transmission is always        performed first. In this case, the UE may receive a response PRS        on another PSFCH resource generated later. That is, in order for        the UE to receive the response PRS on the other PSFCH resource        generated later, it is necessary to predefine an operation in        which the response PRS transmitting UE repeatedly transmits the        response PRS at least two times. For example, when one UE        participates in or performs two or more sidelink positioning        services on a PSFCH resource, the response PRS transmitting UE        may repeatedly transmit the response PRS at least two or three        times.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between response PRS reception        and request PRS reception may be dynamically determined        according to the positioning service priority provided by the        positioning UE. In the following, relevant embodiments will be        described.

As an example, when the positioning service priority related to responsePRS reception is higher than the positioning service priority related torequest PRS transmission, the UE may first perform the response PRSreception and then attempt the request PRS transmission on another PSFCHresource that is generated later.

As another example, when the positioning service priority related torequest PRS transmission is higher than the positioning service priorityrelated to response PRS reception, the UE may first perform the requestPRS transmission and then attempt the response PRS reception on anotherPSFCH resource that is generated later.

As another example, when the response PRS transmitting UE is capable ofobtaining information on the priority of another sidelink positioningservice performed by the response PRS receiving UE in advance, thecorresponding UE may adjust the response PRS transmission time based onthe obtained information on the priority of the positioning service.

As a further example, when the positioning service priority related toresponse PRS reception is equal to the positioning service priorityrelated to request PRS transmission, the operation order may bedetermined according to the UE implementation (or positioning servicepolicy).

6) Method of solving half-duplex problem that may occur when responsePRS transmission and request PRS reception are simultaneously performedon same PSFCH resource from perspective of neighboring UE

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that request PRS reception always        has a higher operation priority than response PRS transmission        so that the request PRS reception is always performed first.        When the UE moves at a high speed, response PRS reception needs        to be performed immediately after request PRS transmission in        order to improve positioning accuracy. To prevent a failure in        request PRS reception in advance, which occurs when the request        PRS transmitting UE transmits a request PRS without knowing in        advance that the request PRS receiving UE intends to participate        in or perform two or more different sidelink positioning        services, and at the same time, the request PRS receiving UE        transmits a response PRS for performing other sidelink        positioning without reception of the request PRS, it may be        defined that the request PRS receiving UE always performs        request PRS reception before response PRS transmission.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that response PRS transmission        always has a higher operation priority than request PRS        reception so that the response PRS transmission is always        performed first. In this case, the UE may receive a request PRS        on another PSFCH resource generated later. That is, in order for        the UE to receive the request PRS on the other PSFCH resource        generated later, it is necessary to predefine an operation in        which the request PRS transmitting UE repeatedly transmits the        request PRS at least two times. For example, when one UE        participates in or performs two or more sidelink positioning        services on a PSFCH resource, the response PRS transmitting UE        may repeatedly transmit the response PRS at least two or three        times.    -   Method-3: The operation priority between response PRS        transmission and request PRS reception may be dynamically        determined according to the positioning service priority        provided by the positioning UE. In the following, relevant        embodiments will be described.

As an example, when the positioning service priority related to responsePRS transmission is higher than the positioning service priority relatedto request PRS reception, the UE may first perform the response PRSreception and then attempt the request PRS reception on another PSFCHresource that is generated later.

As another example, when the request PRS transmitting UE is capable ofobtaining information on the priority of another sidelink positioningservice performed by the request PRS receiving UE in advance, thecorresponding UE may adjust the request PRS transmission time based onthe obtained information on the priority of the positioning service.

As another example, when the positioning service priority related torequest PRS reception is higher than the positioning service priorityrelated to response PRS transmission, the UE may first perform therequest PRS reception and then attempt the response PRS transmission onanother PSFCH resource that is generated later.

As a further example, when the positioning service priority related toresponse PRS transmission is equal to the positioning service priorityrelated to request PRS reception, the operation order may be determinedaccording to the UE implementation (or positioning service policy).

Embodiment 3

In the present embodiment, there are proposed various methods of solvingpower sharing (or power control) problems that may occur when a requestPRS (or TX-PRS) and a response PRS (or RX-PRS) are simultaneouslytransmitted in the on-demand sidelink positioning process of the NR-V2Xsystem.

When the UE is requested by higher layers to perform and participates inpositioning, the UE may transmit a request PRS and a response PRS in thesame transmission slot, i.e., on the same PSFCH resource.

The positioning service priority may vary depending on the locationbased service (LBS) that the UE intends to perform, which may beprovided in first-stage SCI/first SCI on a PSCCH and/or second stageSCI/second SCI on a PSSCH.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of power sharing methods forminimizing a request PRS transmission power loss problem or a responsePRS transmission power loss problem which may occur when a UE attemptsto simultaneously perform request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission on a PSFCH resource placed at the same time/time point inthe on-demand sidelink positioning process in order to serve as apositioning UE and a neighboring UE. The transmission power loss problemmay cause reception performance degradation such as a decrease in thecoverage of a transmitting UE and a decrease in the SNR of a receivingUE. Therefore, the present embodiment proposes various methods foreffectively solving the above-described power sharing problem.

The power sharing problem that may occur when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission on the same PSFCH resource may be effectively solved byconsidering the positioning service priority (PPPS) related to therequest PRS transmission and the positioning service priority related tothe response PRS transmission.

As an embodiment, when the positioning service priority related torequest PRS (or response PRS) transmission is higher than a predefinedpriority threshold ((pre-)configured PPPS threshold) level in relationto positioning services, the power for request PRS (or response PRS)transmission may be allocated in proportion to the priority of thecorresponding positioning service. On the other hand, when thepositioning service priority related to request PRS (or response PRS)transmission is lower than or equal to the predefined priority thresholdlevel in relation to positioning services, power for request PRS (orresponse PRS) transmission may be reduced or may not be allocated. Inthis case, the (pre-)configured PPPS threshold may be predefined, or the(pre-)configured PPPS threshold may be determined by the locationserver/LMF and/or BS.

Hereinafter, various power sharing methods for a PRS and methods oftransmitting a request PRS and a response PRS based on the same bedescribed in detail.

-   -   Method-1: It may be predefined that power sharing is not allowed        between response PRS transmission and request PRS transmission        and power is allocated only to the response PRS transmission.        That is, the positioning service priority threshold related to        response PRS transmission may be set to the lowest, that is, the        positioning service priority threshold level related to response        PRS transmission may be to the highest, but the positioning        service priority threshold related to request PRS transmission        may be to the highest, that is, the positioning service priority        threshold level related to request PRS transmission may be set        to the lowest. By doing so, all power may be allocated only to        the response PRS transmission, and the request PRS transmission        may be dropped.    -   Method-2: It may be predefined that power sharing is not allowed        between request PRS transmission and response PRS transmission        and power is allocated only to the request PRS transmission.        That is, the positioning service priority threshold related to        request PRS transmission may be set to the lowest, but the        positioning service priority threshold related to response PRS        transmission may be to the highest. By doing so, all power may        be allocated only to the request PRS transmission, and the        response PRS transmission may be dropped.    -   Method-3: The total power may be shared to simultaneously        transmit a response PRS and a request PRS. That is, when the        positioning service priority related to response PRS        transmission is higher than the predefined priority threshold,        and when the positioning service priority related to request PRS        transmission is higher than the predefined priority        threshold, 1) the power for response PRS transmission and        request PRS transmission may be distributed in proportion to the        positioning service priority related to response PRS        transmission and the positioning service priority related to        request PRS transmission, 2) the power for response PRS        transmission and request PRS transmission may be equally        distributed, or 3) the power for response PRS transmission and        request PRS transmission may be applied by calculating,        distributing, and/or configuring the power for response PRS        transmission and the power for request PRS transmission in        advance.

When the positioning service priority related to response PRStransmission is lower than or equal to the predefined prioritythreshold, and when the positioning service priority related to requestPRS transmission is lower than or equal to the predefined prioritythreshold, the total power (or available PRS power) may be shared ordistributed for response PRS transmission and request PRS transmissionas in Method-3 of the present embodiment.

In the following, a description will be given of a method by which a UEperforms power sharing ((pre-)configured power sharing) by calculatingand/or configuring power in advance when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission on the same PSFCH resource.

As an example, when request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission are simultaneously performed on the same PSFCH resource,the power for request PRS transmission and the power for response PRStransmission may be equally shared within the available PRS power.

As another example, when request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission are simultaneously performed on the same PSFCH resource,the power for request PRS transmission and the power for response PRStransmission may be calculated, distributed, and/or configured inadvance and then applied.

As another example, when request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission are simultaneously performed on the same PSFCH resource,the ratio between the power for request PRS transmission and the powerfor response PRS transmission may be calculated, distributed, and/orconfigured in advance and then applied.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a method by which a UEperforms power sharing based on the priority of a positioning servicerelated to response PRS transmission when the UE attempts tosimultaneously perform request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission on the same PSFCH resource.

As an example, when the positioning service priority related to responsePRS transmission is higher than a predefined priority threshold level,the UE may drop the request PRS transmission or reduce the power forrequest PRS transmission to improve the reliability of the response PRStransmission.

As another example, when the positioning service priority related toresponse PRS transmission is lower than or equal to the predefinedpriority threshold level, the UE may share the power for request PRStransmission.

As another example, the power for response PRS transmission and thepower for request PRS transmission may be calculated, distributed,configured in advance and then applied according to the positioningservice priority related to response PRS transmission.

As another example, the ratio between the power for response PRStransmission and the power for request PRS transmission may becalculated, distributed, and/or configured in advance and then appliedaccording to the positioning service priority related to response PRStransmission.

As a further example, the power for response PRS transmission and thepower for request PRS transmission may be equally distributed and sharedregardless of the positioning service priority.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a method by which a UEshares power for request PRS transmission power and power for responsePRS transmission based on sensing of positioning service signal qualitywhen the UE attempts to simultaneously perform request PRS transmissionand response PRS transmission on the same PSFCH resource.

As an example, power sharing may be performed based on an RSSI or RSRPvalue measured when a positioning service signal related to response PRStransmission is received and an RSSI or RSRP value measured when arequest PRS is received.

When the RSSI or RSRP value measured when receiving the positioningservice signal related to response PRS transmission is lower than orequal to a specific threshold, the UE may allocate no power for requestPRS transmission for highly reliable response PRS transmission.

When the RSSI or RSRP value measured when receiving the positioningservice related to response PRS transmission is higher than the specificthreshold, the UE may determine that the power for response PRStransmission is sufficient and share the total power, i.e., availablePRS power for request PRS transmission. In this case, the power forrequest PRS transmission may be allocated as follows.

As an example, the power for response PRS transmission and the power forrequest PRS transmission may be calculated, distributed, and/orconfigured in advance and then applied according to the measured RSSI orRSRP value.

As another example, the ratio between the power for response PRStransmission and the power for request PRS transmission may becalculated, distributed, and/or configured in advance and then appliedaccording to the measured RSSI or RSRP value.

As a further example, the power for response PRS transmission and thepower for request PRS transmission may be equally shared regardless ofthe measured positioning service signal quality.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment relates to methods of managing dedicatedresources for positioning data transmission in the NR-V2X system. Inparticular, in this embodiment, there are proposed various dedicatedresource pool structures for positioning data transmission, which aredifferent from resources for conventional V2X data transmission, andmanagement methods therefor. The management of independent dedicatedresource pools for positioning data may satisfy positioning servicerequirements, which need to provide location information through fastpositioning. However, when there is no positioning data transmission,the management of dedicated resource pools for positioning data mayreduce the efficiency of V2X data transmission and the overallefficiency of sidelink resource use.

In the present embodiment, there is proposed a method of usingpositioning data dedicated resources only when there is a request forpositioning data transmission and using a positioning data dedicatedresource pool for V2X data transmission when there is no request forpositioning data transmission.

In addition, there is proposed a pre-emption method for performingpositioning data transmission by reserving positioning dedicated dataresources regardless of V2X data transmission if there is a request forpositioning data transmission while the corresponding resources are usedfor the V2X data transmission. The following is a description of theterms used herein.

-   -   Positioning data resource: The positioning data resource means a        V2X sidelink resource allocated for transmission of positioning        related data and control signals. The transmitted data and        control signals are as follows.    -   Data: The data may be transmitted on a PSSCH, and information        measured and reported by the UE such as time of arrival        (ToA)/angle of arrival (AoA)/Doppler may be included.    -   Control signal: The control signal may include first-stage        SCI/first SCI (or sidelink positioning control information        (SPCI)) transmitted on a PSCCH and second-stage SCI/second SCI        (or SPCI) transmitted on a PSSCH.    -   Positioning data slot: The positioning data slot means a slot        including a V2X sidelink resource allocated for transmission of        positioning related data and control signals.    -   V2X data resource: The V2X data resource means a V2X sidelink        resource allocated for transmission of NR-V2X data (message,        voice, video, etc.) and related control signals.    -   UE: The UE may include a mobile device, a V2X module, an IoT        device, and the like.    -   AN (Anchor Node): The AN may be a BS and/or UE. When a BS serves        as the AN, the BS may include an eNB, a gNB, an LTE-LAA, an        NR-U, a transmission point (TP), a remote head control (RHC), a        gNB-type road side unit (RSU), a UE-type RSU, and so on, which        are capable of providing fixed (or absolute) location        information. In addition, when a UE serves as the AN, the UE may        include a UE capable of providing highly reliable location        information, a UE-type RSU that provides fixed location        information, and the like.

Sidelink positioning may include on-demand positioning and broadcastpositioning.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of various dedicated resourcepool structures for transmission of positioning data and controlinformation and management methods therefor.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining dedicated resource pool structuresfor positioning data transmission according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 12 , the proposed dedicated resource pool structuresfor transmission of positioning data and/or positioning related controlinformation may include: (a) a dedicated and continuous resource poolstructure; (b) a dedicated and periodic resource pool structure; (c) adedicated and aperiodic resource pool structure; and (d) a dedicated andburst resource pool structure.

Hereinafter, the characteristics and management method of eachpositioning dedicated resource pool structure will be described. In thefollowing, it is assumed that positioning data is transmitted in apositioning dedicated resource pool, but this is merely exemplary. Thatis, positioning related control information may be transmitted in thepositioning dedicated resource pool, or positioning data and positioningrelated control information may be transmitted together in thepositioning dedicated resource pool.

(1) Dedicated and Continuous Resource Pool Structure

As shown in FIG. 12(a), a dedicated resource (or positioning data slot)pool for positioning data transmission may be continuously allocated inthe time domain. Here, a resource for transmission of positioningrelated data in each positioning data slot may include at least onesub-channel, and one or more UEs and/or ANs may use at least onesub-channel. In this case, the number of UEs and/or ANs capable of usingthe same positioning data slot and the number of sub-channels used byeach UE and/or AN may be predefined or determined by the locationserver/LMF and/or BS.

A dedicated resource for positioning data transmission in eachpositioning data slot may be positioned at the same frequency location(or resource) (or the same RB location (resource)) for all positioningdata slots, or the dedicated resource for positioning data transmissionmay be positioned at a different frequency location (or resource) foreach positioning data slot based on frequency hopping. FIG. 12(a) showsan embodiment in which a resource for positioning data transmission ineach positioning data slot is disposed at the same frequency locationfor all positioning data slots.

When the dedicated resource for positioning data transmission in eachpositioning data slot includes at least one sub-channel, eachsub-channel may be arranged continuously or separately. Alternatively,each group consisting of continuous sub-channels may be arrangedseparately. FIG. 12(a) shows an embodiment in which sub-channels arearranged continuously. In this case, the number of continuoussub-channels may be determined according to the number of continuoussub-channels configured for V2X data transmission, or the number ofcontinuous sub-channels may be arbitrarily determined.

For example, if the minimum number of continuous sub-channels for V2Xdata transmission is “X”, the minimum number of continuous sub-channelsfor positioning data transmission may be determined as an integermultiple of “X”. If there is no positioning data transmission, theconfiguration of positioning dedicated data resource in consideration ofV2X data transmission resources may allow effective V2X datatransmission in a positioning dedicated data resource pool, therebyincreasing the V2X data transmission rate and sidelink resource useefficiency.

(2) Dedicated and Discontinuous Resource Pool Structure

FIGS. 12(b) to 12(d) show examples of a dedicated and discontinuousresource pool structure. Specifically, FIG. 12(b) shows a dedicated andperiodic resource pool structure, FIG. 12(c) shows a dedicated andaperiodic resource pool structure, and FIG. 12(d) shows a dedicated andburst resource pool structure.

As shown in FIGS. 12(b) to 12(d), a positioning dedicated data resourcepool (or positioning data slot) may be allocated and disposednon-continuously (or discontinuously) in the time domain. Hereinafter,the characteristics and management methods of the dedicated and periodicresource pool structure, the dedicated and aperiodic resource poolstructure, and the dedicated and burst resource pool structure will bedescribed in detail.

Dedicated and Periodic Resource Pool Structure

As shown in FIG. 12(b), a dedicated resource pool (or positioning dataslot) for positioning data transmission may be allocated and arrangedperiodically in the time domain. In this case, a slot period in whichthe positioning dedicated data resource is generated on sidelinkresources may be predefined, or the slot period may be determined by thelocation server/LMF and/or BS. The dedicated and periodic resource poolstructure according to FIG. 12(b) has the advantage of improving theefficiency of V2X data transmission and the overall efficiency ofsidelink resource use, compared to the dedicated and continuous resourcepool structure of FIG. 12(a). On the other hand, when there is a requestfor positioning data transmission in a slot that is not allocated as thepositioning dedicated data resource, the UE may need to wait until thenext positioning dedicated data resource is available, and as a result,positioning data transmission may be delayed by the correspondingwaiting time.

A sub-channel for transmitting positioning related data in eachpositioning data slot may be configured and managed similarly to FIG.12(a).

The frequency location (or resource) of a dedicated resource forpositioning data transmission in each positioning data slot may beconfigured and managed similarly to FIG. 12(a).

Dedicated and Aperiodic Resource Pool Structure

As shown in FIG. 12(c), a dedicated resource pool for positioning datatransmission may be allocated and arranged aperiodically in the timedomain. In this case, a rule for generating a positioning data slot onsidelink resources may be predefined, or the rule may be determined bythe location server/LMF and/or BS. Similarly to the dedicated andperiodic resource pool structure, the dedicated and aperiodic resourcepool structure may improve the efficiency of V2X data transmission andthe overall efficiency of sidelink resource use, compared to thededicated and continuous resource pool structure of FIG. 12(a).

A sub-channel for transmitting positioning related data in eachpositioning data slot may be configured and managed similarly to FIG.12(a).

The frequency location of a dedicated resource for positioning datatransmission in each positioning data slot may be configured and managedsimilarly to FIG. 12(a).

Dedicated and Burst Resource Pool Structure

As shown in FIG. 12(d), dedicated resource pools for positioning datatransmission may be concatenated in the time domain. In this case, arule for generating concatenated positioning data slots on sidelinkresources may be predefined, or the rule may be determined by thelocation server/LMF and/or BS. The dedicated and burst resource poolstructure may improve the efficiency of V2X data transmission and theoverall efficiency of sidelink resource use, compared to the dedicatedand continuous resource pool structure of FIG. 12(a). On the other hand,when there is a request for positioning data transmission in a slot thatis not allocated as the positioning dedicated data resource, the UEneeds to wait until the next positioning dedicated data resource isavailable, and as a result, positioning data transmission may be delayedby the corresponding waiting time.

A sub-channel for transmitting positioning related data in eachpositioning data slot may be configured and managed similarly to FIG.12(a).

The frequency location (or resource) of a dedicated resource forpositioning data transmission in each positioning data slot may beconfigured and managed similarly to FIG. 12(a).

Hereinafter, a description will be given of methods of solving theproblem that the V2X data transmission rate (or transmission efficiency)and the overall sidelink resource use efficiency are degraded, which iscaused by management of dedicated data resource pools. That is, whenthere is no positioning data transmission in a positioning dedicateddata resource pool or when the positioning data transmission occursintermittently, if the number of UEs intending to transmit V2X dataincreases, the overall utilization of sidelink resources may besignificantly reduced. To solve this problem, the following methods maybe used.

Specifically, a positioning dedicated data resource may be used forpositioning data transmission only when there is a request forpositioning data transmission. When there is no request for positioningdata transmission, the positioning dedicated data resource may be usedfor V2X data transmission. Hereinafter, an operation and procedure inwhich the UE transmits V2X data on the positioning dedicated dataresource will be described. In this case, it is assumed that the UEoperates in NR-V2X mode-2. In NR-V2X mode-1, the BS may detect aPSFCH-PRS resource and a PRS ID that may be reserved for the positioningUE. On the other hand, in NR-V2X mode-2, the PSFCH-PRS resource and thePRS ID that may be reserved for a positioning UE may be detected byanalysis of first-stage SCI on a PSCCH and/or second-stage SCI on aPSSCH, which are received (or sensed) from a neighboring UE.

The UE may perform sensing of a V2X sidelink resource pool during an“observation window” period to reserve resources for V2X datatransmission. Then, the UE may analyze the utilization (or occupancy) ofa V2X data resource pool and a positioning dedicated data resource pool,based on resource reservation information included in the first-stageSCI on the PSCCH and/or the second-stage SCI on the PSSCH received fromthe neighboring UE.

When higher layers have V2X data to be transmitted, the UE may determinewhether to transmit the V2X data in a V2X data resource pool or apositioning dedicated data resource pool by analyzing sensing resultsfor sidelink resource pools.

Hereinafter, a method for a UE to determine which resource pool among aV2X data resource pool and a positioning dedicated data resource poolthe UE uses to transmit V2X data will be described.

As a first method, if the utilization of the V2X data resource pool isless than a specific threshold, the UE may select the V2X data resourcepool as a resource for V2X data transmission. On the other hand, if theutilization of the V2X data resource pool is greater than or equal tothe specific threshold, the UE may select the positioning dedicated dataresource pool for V2X data transmission.

As a second method, regardless of the utilization of the V2X dataresource pool, the UE may always reserve positioning data resources thatare not used or not reserved by neighboring UEs and use the reservedpositioning data resources for V2X data transmission. That is, in thecase of V2X data transmission, the positioning dedicated data resourcepool may be considered as a virtual V2X data resource pool.

The UE may reserve resources for V2X data transmission from the selectedresource pool.

Hereinafter, a positioning dedicated data resource pool and a resourcereservation method based on the positioning dedicated data resource poolwill be described in detail.

When the UE transmits V2X data in the V2X data resource pool, the UE mayselect and reserve a V2X data resource that is not used or not reservedby neighboring UEs among V2X data resources according to a predeterminedprotocol.

When the UE transmits V2X data in the positioning dedicated dataresource pool, the UE may select and reserve a positioning data resourcethat is not used or reserved by neighboring UEs according to apredetermined protocol by analyzing sensing results for the positioningdedicated data resource pool.

When the UE transmits V2X data on a positioning dedicated data resource,the UE may transmit to neighboring UEs first-stage SCI on a PSCCH and/orsecond-stage SCI on a PSSCH including indicator (V2X data indicator)information indicating that the V2X data is transmitted. When there isan urgent request for positioning data transmission while thepositioning dedicated data resource is being used for V2X datatransmission, the V2X_data indicator information may be effectively usedto apply pre-emption, so that the positioning data transmission may beperformed regardless of the V2X data transmission. In other word, thepre-emption may be applied to the positioning dedicated data resourcerelated to the V2X_data_indicator.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of pre-emption operations andprocedures for pre-emptying a positioning dedicated data resource toperform positioning data transmission regardless of V2X datatransmission when there is an urgent request for the positioning datatransmission while the positioning dedicated data resource is being usedfor the V2X data transmission. In this case, it is assumed that the UEoperates in NR-V2X mode-2.

The UE may perform sensing of a positioning dedicated data resource poolduring an “observation window” period to reserve resources forpositioning data transmission. Then, the UE may analyze the utilization(or occupancy) and resource reservation statuses of resources forpositioning data transmission and V2X data transmission based onresource reservation information included in first-stage SCI on a PSCCHand/or second-stage SCI on a PSSCH received from a neighboring UE. Inthis case, the usage status of positioning dedicated resources for V2Xdata transmission may be analyzed based on the V2X_data_indicatordescribed above.

When the UE is requested by higher layers to perform positioning andpositioning data transmission, the UE may determine whether to apply thepre-emption to resources within a “selection window” period by analyzingthe results obtained from sensing of the positioning dedicated dataresource pool. In the following, the features of pre-emption operationswill be described in detail.

If there are positioning data resources not used or reserved byneighboring UEs within a latency budget for positioning datatransmission, the UE may apply no pre-emption. The latency budget forpositioning data transmission may be predefined according to thepriority or importance of positioning data or determined by the locationserver/LMF and/or BS. The latency budget represents the maximum time (ordelay time) allowed for the UE to transmit a positioning related PRS andpositioning data after receiving a request for positioning andpositioning data transmission from higher layers. Therefore, the UEneeds to successfully transmit the PRS and positioning data within thelatency budget. If the UE does not successfully transmit the PRS andpositioning data within the latency budget, the UE may wait until thehigher layers request the positioning and positioning data transmission.

If there are no positioning data resources that are not used or reservedby neighboring UEs within the latency budget for positioning datatransmission, but if there are resources used or reserved for V2X datatransmission, the UE may apply the pre-emption to the correspondingresources. In this case, the UE may recognize whether to transmit V2Xdata on a positioning dedicated data resource, based on the V2X dataindicator information described above. Hereinafter, a method ofselecting a resource to which the pre-emption is applied will bedescribed.

Based on the priority or importance of V2X data included in first-stageSCI and/or second-stage SCI on a PSSCH, the UE may select a positioningdedicated resource to which the pre-emption is to be applied as follows.

As an example, the UE may select a positioning dedicated resource usedfor transmission of V2X data with the lowest priority as a resource forpositioning data transmission. In this case, if there are multipleresources with the same priority, the UE may perform the followingpre-emption operation: selecting a positioning dedicated resourceclosest to the time when positioning and positioning data transmissionare requested by higher layers or selecting any resource in a randommanner.

As another example, the UE may perform the following pre-emptionoperation: selecting a positioning dedicated resource closest to thetime when positioning and positioning data transmission are requestedfrom higher layers from among one or more positioning dedicatedresources used for transmission of V2X data with a priority lower thanthe predefined priority or selecting any resource in a random manner.

As a further example, the UE may perform the following pre-emptionoperation: selecting a positioning dedicated resource used for V2X datatransmission and closet to the time when positioning and positioningdata transmission are requested by higher layers, regardless of thepriority of V2X data.

When positioning dedicated data resources reserved for V2X datatransmission are pre-empted by neighboring UEs, the UE may reserve a newresource for V2X data transmission or restart the V2X data transmissionon the remaining reserved resources after waiting until thecorresponding pre-emption operation is completed.

In an embodiment, when there are no positioning data resources not usedor reserved by neighboring UEs within the latency budget for positioningdata transmission, and when all resources are used or reserved forpositioning data transmission, the pre-emption may be applied.Hereinafter, the features of related pre-emption operations will bedescribed in detail.

Based on the priority or importance of positioning data included infirst-stage SCI or second-stage SCI on a PSSCH, the UE may select apositioning dedicated resource to which the pre-emption is to be appliedas follows.

As an example, the UE may perform the following pre-emption operation:selecting a positioning dedicated resource for transmission ofpositioning data with the lowest priority as a resource for positioningdata transmission. In this case, if there are multiple resources withthe same priority, the UE may select a positioning dedicated resourceclosest to the time point when positioning and positioning datatransmission are requested by higher layers or may select any resourcein a random manner.

As another example, the UE may select a positioning dedicated resourceclosest to the time when positioning and positioning data transmissionare requested by higher layers from among positioning dedicatedresources used for transmission of positioning data with a prioritylower than the predefined priority or select any resource in a randommanner.

As a further example, the UE may perform the following pre-emptionoperation: selecting a positioning dedicated resource closest to thetime when positioning and positioning data transmission are requested byhigher layers, regardless of the priority of positioning data. Whenreserved resources are pre-empted by neighboring UEs, the UE may reservea new resource for positioning data transmission or restart thepositioning data transmission on the remaining reserved resources afterwaiting until the corresponding pre-emption operation is completed.

In the description of Embodiments 1 to 4, the term ‘predefined’ may beinterpreted to mean the following: ‘defined through RRC signaling’ or‘defined through physical layer signaling’.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining PRS transmission resource allocationmethods for sidelink on-demand positioning according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 13 , the PRS transmission resource allocation methodsmay be divided into a method of transmitting a request PRS and aresponse PRS on the same PSFCH-PRS resource (FIG. 13 (a)), a method oftransmitting a request PRS and a response PRS on different PSFCH-PRSresources (FIG. 13 (b)), and a method of transmitting a request PRS anda response PRS on different PSFCH-PRS group resources (FIG. 13 (c)).

A PSFCH transmission resource may be allocated to a specific symbol in aspecific logical slot on a specific sub-channel. For example, the PSFCHtransmission resource may be allocated to the last two symbols of thecorresponding slot, and frequency resources for PSFCH transmission maybe indicated by a bitmap for RBs in a corresponding resource pool.

For each PSFCH, an ACK resource and a NACK resource may be allocated todifferent subchannels. SFCI transmitted on the PSFCH may be a sequencebased signal. For example, a one-bit ACK/NACK may be identified bydifferent cyclic shifts of the same base sequence. The PSCCH, PSSCH, andPSFCH may be multiplexed and transmitted within the same slot in In thiscase, the PSCCH and PSSCH may be multiplexed in the time domain and thefrequency domain.

Referring to FIG. 13(a), it may be seen that different UEs are capableof performing request PRS transmission or response PRS transmission onthe same PSFCH-PRS resource. In this case, a request PRS ID for requestPRS transmission and a response PRS ID for response PRS transmission maybe selected from a PRS ID set or pool defined on the same PSFCH-PRSresources.

Referring to FIG. 13(a), the UE may transmit a request PRS and aresponse PRS at the same time on the same PSFCH-PRS resource.

In FIG. 13(a), the UE may transmit a request PRS and receive a responsePRS from a neighboring UE at the same time on the same PSFCH-PRSresource.

In FIG. 13(a), the UE may transmit a response PRS and receive a requestPRS from a neighboring UE at the same time on the same PSFCH-PRSresource.

Referring to FIG. 13(b), a PSFCH-PRS resource for request PRStransmission and a PSFCH-PRS resource for response PRS transmission maybe allocated to different slots and transmitted alternately. In thiscase, a request PRS and a response PRS may be preconfigured to betransmitted only on the corresponding PSFCH-PRS resources, respectively.Here, a request PRS ID for request PRS transmission and a response PRSID for response PRS transmission may be selected from a PRS ID set orpool defined on different PSFCH-PRS resources.

Referring to FIG. 13(c), it may be seen that a PSFCH-PRS group resourcefor request PRS transmission and a PSFCH-PRS group resource for responsePRS transmission are arranged in different slots and alternatelyallocated. In this case, a request PRS and a response PRS may betransmitted only on the corresponding PSFCH-PRS group resources,respectively.

In an embodiment, a PSFCH-PRS group may consist of one or more PSFCH-PRSresources in FIG. 13 (c). Each PSFCH-PRS resource in the PSFCH-PRS groupmay be used to transmit different types of PRS (request or response). Inanother embodiment, each PSFCH-PRS resource in the PSFCH-PRS group maybe used to repeatedly transmit the same type of PRS. In anotherembodiment, each PSFCH-PRS resource in the PSFCH-PRS group may be usedto transmit a related PRS, such as transmitting the same type of PRSbased on frequency hopping.

Referring to FIG. 13 , the difference between a time at which a requestPRS is transmitted and a time at which a response PRS is transmitted inresponse to the request PRS (i.e., a time gap between the request PRSand response PRS, n) may be predefined and configured.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a UE shares powerwhen supporting different heterogeneous services on a PSFCH resource inthe NR-V2X system according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 14 , when HFI transmission resources for NR-V2Xservices and PRS resources for sidelink positioning services areconfigured on a PSFCH, the UE may determine whether HFI transmission andPRS (request PRS and/or response PRS) transmission are requested byhigher layers at the same time point (S1410). Here, the same time pointmeans the same PSFCH transmission slot (resource).

When it is determined that the HFI transmission and PRS transmission arerequested at the same time point, the UE may determine whether powersharing on the same PSFCH resource is allowed (S1420). As an example,whether the power sharing is allowed may be determined based on theNR-V2X service priority related to the HFI transmission. As anotherexample, whether the power sharing is allowed may be determined based onthe RSSI or RSRP value measured when an NR-V2X service packet (data orsignal) related to the HFI transmission is received.

When it is determined that the power sharing is allowed, the UE mayallocate the total power for the HFI transmission and PRS transmission,for example, available power on the corresponding PSFCH resource, basedon at least one of the NR-V2X service (or packet) priority related tothe corresponding HFI transmission and the positioning service priorityrelated to the corresponding PRS transmission (S1430). Here, theallocation/distribution/sharing of the heterogeneous service power basedon the service priority may be performed as described above inEmbodiment 1.

When it is determined in step 1420 that the power sharing is notallowed, the UE may allocate the total power only for either the HFItransmission or the PRS transmission according to a predefined policy(S1440). Here, the total power may mean the power allocated to thecorresponding PSFCH transmission resource.

The UE may transmit at least one of the HFI and RPS on the correspondingPSFCH resource based on the allocated power (S1450).

When it is determined in step 1410 that the HFI transmission and PRStransmission are not requested at the same time point, the UE maytransmit each of the HFI and PRS on a PSFCH resource available at eachtransmission request time (S1460).

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a UE shares powerwhen performing different positioning services on the same PSFCHresource in the NR-V2X system according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 15 , when a request PRS transmission resource and aresponse PRS transmission resource are preconfigured on one PSFCHresource, the UE may determine whether request PRS transmission andresponse PRS transmission are requested at the same time point (S1510).Here, the same time point means the same PSFCH transmission slot(resource).

When it is determined that the request PRS transmission and response PRStransmission are requested at the same time point, the UE may determinewhether power sharing on the same PSFCH resource is allowed (S1520). Asan example, whether the power sharing is allowed may be determined basedon the positioning service priority related to a request PRS and/orresponse PRS. As another example, whether the power sharing is allowedmay be determined based on the RSSI or RSRP value of positioning servicesignals sensed in relation to the request PRS and/or response PRS.

When it is determined that the power sharing is allowed, the UE mayallocate the total power, for example, PRS power available on thecorresponding PSFCH resource, for the request PRS transmission andresponse PRS transmission based on at least one of the positioningservice priority related to the request PRS transmission and thepositioning service priority related to the response PRS transmission(S1530). Here, the allocation/distribution/sharing of the PRS powerbased on the positioning service priority of the request PRS (TX-PRS)and the response PRS (RX-PRS) may be performed as described above inEmbodiment 3.

When it is determined in step 1520 that the power sharing is notallowed, the UE may allocate the total power, i.e., all available PRSpower only for either the request PRS transmission or the response PRStransmission according to a predefined policy (S1540).

The UE may transmit at least one of the request PRS and the response PRSon the corresponding PSFCH resource based on the allocated power(S1550).

When it is determined in step 1510 that the request PRS (TX-PRS)transmission and the response PRS (RX-PRS) transmission are notrequested at the same time point, the UE may transmit the correspondingPRS on a PSFCH resource available at each transmission request time(S1560).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a method by which a UE sharesheterogeneous service resources in the NR-V2X system according to anembodiment.

Referring to FIG. 16 , the UE may preconfigure a V2X data resource pooland a positioning data dedicated resource pool (S1610).

The UE may monitor and analyze the utilization and/or resourcereservation statuses of the V2X data resource pool and positioning datadedicated resource pool (S1620). Here, the analyzing of the utilizationand resource reservation statuses of the resource pools may be performedas described above in Embodiment 4.

When V2X data transmission is requested by higher layers, the UE maydetermine a resource pool to be used for the V2X data transmission basedon the analysis result in step 1620 (S1640).

The UE may perform the V2X data transmission in the determined resourcepool (S1650).

In the embodiment of FIG. 16 , the sharing method for determining whichresource pool among a V2X data resource pool and a positioning dedicateddata resource pool is used for V2X data transmission based on theutilization of the resource pools has been described, but this is merelyone embodiment. That is, in another embodiment, if there are positioningdedicated data resources not used or reserved by neighboring UEs, the UEmay reserve and use the corresponding resources for V2X datatransmission, regardless of the resource pool utilization.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a method by which a UE share powersin the NR-V2X communication system according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 17 , the UE may configure HFI transmission resourcesrelated to NR-V2X services and PRS transmission resources related tosidelink positioning on a PSFCH (S1710).

When there is a request for simultaneous transmission of a PRS and HFI,the UE may allocate power available on a corresponding PSFCH resource(slot) to at least one of PRS transmission and HFI transmission based onat least one of a PRS related priority and a HFI related priority(S1720).

When the power is allocated for the PRS transmission and when there is arequest for simultaneous transmission of a request PRS and a responsePRS in the same PSFCH slot, the UE may allocate the power allocated forthe PRS transmission to at least one of the request PRS and the responsePRS, based on a positioning service signal quality sensed in relation toeach of the request PRS and the response PRS (S1730).

The UE may transmit at least one of the HFI and PRS on the correspondingPSFCH resource based on the allocated power (S1740).

Example of Communication System to which the Present Disclosure isApplied

The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods,and/or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described inthis document may be applied to, without being limited to, a variety offields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with referenceto the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the samereference symbols may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks,software blocks, or functional blocks unless described otherwise.

FIG. 18 illustrates a communication system applied to the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 18 , a communication system 1 applied to the presentdisclosure includes wireless devices, Base Stations (BSs), and anetwork. Herein, the wireless devices represent devices performingcommunication using Radio Access Technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT(NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to ascommunication/radio/5G devices. The wireless devices may include,without being limited to, a robot 100 a, vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2,an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100 c, a hand-held device 100 d, a homeappliance 100 e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100 f, and anArtificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400. For example, thevehicles may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function,an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performingcommunication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles may include anUnmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may includean Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) deviceand may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), aHead-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone,a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digitalsignage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device may include asmartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or asmartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The home appliance mayinclude a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. The IoT device mayinclude a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSs and the networkmay be implemented as wireless devices and a specific wireless device200 a may operate as a BS/network node with respect to other wirelessdevices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g.,NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f maycommunicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, thewireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication (e.g.,sidelink communication) with each other without passing through the BSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may performdirect communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, or 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f/BS 200, or BS200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may beestablished through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlinkcommunication 150 a, sidelink communication 150 b (or, D2Dcommunication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated AccessBackhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devicesmay transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b may transmit/receivesignals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a partof various configuration information configuring processes, varioussignal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resourceallocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may beperformed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.

Example of Wireless Device to which Present Disclosure is Applied

FIG. 19 illustrates wireless devices applicable to the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 19 , a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g.,LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100, the second wirelessdevice 200} may correspond to {the wireless device 100 x, the basestation 200} and/or {the wireless device 100 x, the wireless device 100x} of FIG. 18 .

The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may beconfigured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the first information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive radio signalsincluding second information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the secondinformation/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may beconnected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example, thememory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with RadioFrequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless devicemay represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

In detail, the UE or the vehicle may include the processor(s) 102 andthe memory(s) 104 that are connected to the RF transceiver. Thememory(s) 104 may contain at least one program for performing anoperation related to the embodiments described with reference to FIGS.12 to 17 .

The processor(s) 102 may be configured to: configure a resource fortransmitting a PRS related to sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; whenthere is a request for simultaneous transmission of the PRS and HFIrelated to NR-V2X services, allocate power available in a PSFCH slot fortransmission of at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmit the at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power. The processor(s) 102 may be configured to perform thepower and resource sharing methods described above with reference toEmbodiments 1 to 4 and FIGS. 12 to 17 based on the program included inthe memory(s) 104 in order to efficiently perform an operation ofdetermining the absolute position (or relative position) of the UE.

A chipset including the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may beconfigured. In this case, the chipset may include at least one processorand at least one memory operatively connected to the at least oneprocessor and allowing the at least one processor to perform operationswhen being executed. The operations may include: configuring a resourcefor transmitting HFI related to NR-V2X services and a resource fortransmitting a PRS related to sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; whenthere is a simultaneous transmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocatingpower based on at least one of a priority related to the PRS and apriority related to the HFI; and transmitting at least one of the PRSand the HFI based on the allocated power. The processor(s) 102 may beconfigured to perform the power and resource sharing methods describedabove with reference to Embodiments 1 to 4 and FIGS. 12 to 17 based onthe program included in the memory(s) 104 in order to efficientlyperform an operation of determining the absolute position (or relativeposition) of the UE.

A computer readable recording medium including at least computer programfor allowing the at least one processor to perform operations may beprovided. The operations may include: configuring a resource fortransmitting HFI related to NR-V2X services and a resource fortransmitting a PRS related to sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; whenthere is a request for simultaneous transmission of the PRS and the HFI,allocating power based on at least one of a priority related to the PRSand a priority related to the HFI; and transmitting at least one of thePRS and the HFI based on the allocated power. The processor(s) 102 maybe configured to perform the power and resource sharing methodsdescribed above with reference to Embodiments 1 to 4 and FIGS. 12 to 17based on the program included in the memory(s) 104 in order toefficiently perform an operation of determining the absolute position(or relative position) of the UE.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one ormore transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s)202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and maybe configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the third information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive radio signalsincluding fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the fourthinformation/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may beconnected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example, thememory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RFunit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

The processor(s) 202 may be configured to: configure a resource fortransmitting a PRS related to sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; whenthere is a simultaneous transmission of the PRS and HFI related toNR-V2X services, allocate power available in a PSFCH slot fortransmission of at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmit the at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power. The processor(s) 202 may be configured to perform thepower and resource sharing methods described above with reference toEmbodiments 1 to 4 and FIGS. 12 to 17 based on the program included inthe memory(s) 204 in order to efficiently perform an operation ofdetermining the absolute position (or relative position) of the UE.

A chipset including the processor 202 and the memory 204 may beconfigured. In this case, the chipset may include at least one processorand at least one memory operatively connected to the at least oneprocessor and allowing the at least one processor to perform operationswhen being executed. The operations may include: configuring a resourcefor transmitting HFI related to NR-V2X services and a resource fortransmitting a PRS related to sidelink positioning on a PSFCH; whenthere is a request for simultaneous transmission of the PRS and the HFI,allocating power based on at least one of a priority related to the PRSand a priority related to the HFI; and transmitting at least one of thePRS and the HFI based on the allocated power. The processor(s) 202 maybe configured to perform the power and resource sharing methodsdescribed above with reference to Embodiments 1 to 4 and FIGS. 12 to 17based on the program included in the memory(s) 204 in order toefficiently perform an operation of determining the absolute position(or relative position) of the UE.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP,RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate oneor more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit(SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, controlinformation, data, or information according to the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide thegenerated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., basebandsignals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire thePDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or informationaccording to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more DigitalSignal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices(DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or moreField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmwareor software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, orfunctions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as tobe driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or softwarein the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-OnlyMemories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methodsand/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data,control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or moreother devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 maybe connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit andreceive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one ormore other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may performcontrol so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, or radio signals from one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected tothe one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one ormore antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennasmay be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logicalantennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signalsinto baseband signals in order to process received user data, controlinformation, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 mayconvert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc.processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the baseband signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/orfilters.

Examples of Application of Wireless Device Applicable to the PresentDisclosure

FIG. 20 illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to thepresent disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in variousforms according to a use-case/service (refer to FIG. 28 ).

Referring to FIG. 20 wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to thewireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 19 and may be configured by variouselements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. For example, eachof the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional components140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 andtransceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 mayinclude the one or more processors 102 and 202 and/or the one or morememories 104 and 204 of FIG. 19 . For example, the transceiver(s) 114may include the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and/or the one ormore antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 19 . The control unit 120 iselectrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130,and the additional components 140 and controls overall operation of thewireless devices. For example, the control unit 120 may control anelectric/mechanical operation of the wireless device based onprograms/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit 130. Thecontrol unit 120 may transmit the information stored in the memory unit130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store, inthe memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wiredinterface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may beimplemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100 aof FIG. 18 ), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 18 ), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 18 ), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 18 ),the home appliance (100 e of FIG. 18 ), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 18), a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safetydevice, an MTC device, a medicine device, a FinTech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 18 ), the BSs (200 of FIG. 18 ), a networknode, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed placeaccording to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 20 , the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component,unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 mayfurther include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication controlprocessor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), agraphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. As anotherexample, the memory 130 may be configured by a RAM, a DRAM, a ROM, aflash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or acombination thereof.

Example of a Vehicle or an Autonomous Driving Vehicle to which thePresent Disclosure is Applied

FIG. 21 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle appliedto the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle maybe implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmannedAerial Vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

Referring to FIG. 21 , a vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 mayinclude an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit120, a driving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140 d. The antenna unit 108 may beconfigured as a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks110/130/140 a to 140 d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 20 ,respectively.

The antenna unit 108 may include a plurality of distributed antennasdistributed and arranged in the vehicle. The position of the distributedantennas arranged in the vehicle may be different depending on thevehicle. A reference point indicating a relative position in the vehicleof the distributed antenna may be predefined and may be recorded andmaintained in a memory included in the vehicle. In this case, thereference point may be differently defined according to the vehicle.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from external devices such as othervehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The controlunit 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of thevehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100. The control unit 120 mayinclude an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit 140 a maycause the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 to drive on aroad. The driving unit 140 a may include an engine, a motor, apowertrain, a wheel, a brake, a steering device, etc. The power supplyunit 140 b may supply power to the vehicle or the autonomous drivingvehicle 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery,etc. The sensor unit 140 c may acquire a vehicle state, ambientenvironment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140 cmay include an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collisionsensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor,a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor,a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, atemperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, anillumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomousdriving unit 140 d may implement technology for maintaining a lane onwhich a vehicle is driving, technology for automatically adjustingspeed, such as adaptive cruise control, technology for autonomouslydriving along a determined path, technology for driving by automaticallysetting a path if a destination is set, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficinformation data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving planfrom the obtained data. The control unit 120 may control the drivingunit 140 a such that the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100may move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan(e.g., speed/direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving,the communication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically acquire recenttraffic information data from the external server and acquiresurrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In themiddle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehiclestate and/or surrounding environment information. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may update the autonomous driving path and the driving planbased on the newly obtained data/information. The communication unit 110may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomousdriving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server. Theexternal server may predict traffic information data using AItechnology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles orautonomous driving vehicles and provide the predicted trafficinformation data to the vehicles or the autonomous driving vehicles.

Here, a wireless communication technology implemented in the wirelessdevices XXX and YYY in the present disclosure may include NarrowbandInternet of Things for low power communication as well as LTE, NR, and6G. In this case, for example, the NB-IoT technology may be an exampleof a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology and may beimplemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and isnot limited to the above-described name. Additionally or alternatively,the wireless communication technology implemented in the wirelessdevices XXX and YYY may be performed based on the LTE-M technology. Inthis case, for example, the LTE-M technology may be an example of theLPWAN technology and may be called various terms such as enhancedMachine Type Communication (eMTC). For example, the LTE-M technology maybe implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT(LTE Category) 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL(non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication,and/or 7) LTE M and may not be limited to the aforementioned terms.Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologyimplemented in the wireless devices XXX and YYY according to the presentdisclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, or Low PowerWide Area Network (LPWAN) in consideration of low power communicationand is not limited to the aforementioned terms. For example, the ZigBeetechnology may create a personal area network (PAN) related tosmall/low-power digital communication based on various standards such asIEEE 802.15.4 and so on, and the ZigBee technology may be called byvarious names.

The embodiments of the present disclosure described above arecombinations of elements and features of the present disclosure. Theelements or features may be considered selective unless otherwisementioned. Each element or feature may be practiced without beingcombined with other elements or features. Further, an embodiment of thepresent disclosure may be constructed by combining parts of the elementsand/or features. Operation orders described in embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be rearranged. Some constructions of any oneembodiment may be included in another embodiment and may be replacedwith corresponding constructions of another embodiment. It is obvious tothose skilled in the art that claims that are not explicitly cited ineach other in the appended claims may be presented in combination as anembodiment of the present disclosure or included as a new claim by asubsequent amendment after the application is filed.

In this document, the embodiments of the present disclosure have beendescribed centering on a data transmission and reception relationshipbetween a UE and a BS. The transmission and reception relationship maybe equally/similarly extended to signal transmission/reception between aUE and a relay or between a BS and a relay. In this document, a specificoperation described as performed by the BS may be performed by an uppernode of the BS as necessary. In other words, it will be obvious to thoseskilled in the art that various operations for enabling the base stationto communicate with the terminal in a network composed of severalnetwork nodes including the base station will be conducted by the basestation or other network nodes other than the base station. The term“base station (BS)” may be replaced with a fixed station, Node-B,eNode-B (eNB), or an access point as necessary. The term “terminal” mayalso be replaced with a user

The embodiments according to the present disclosure may be implementedby various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or acombination thereof. In a hardware configuration, the embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be achieved by at least one of applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs),digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices(PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers,microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.

In a firmware or software configuration, the embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure, afunction, etc. for performing the above-described functions oroperations. Software code may be stored in the memory and executed bythe processor. The memory is located at the interior or exterior of theprocessor and may transmit and receive data to and from the processorvia various known means.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out inother specific ways than those set forth herein without departing fromthe spirit and essential characteristics of the present disclosure. Theabove implementations are therefore to be construed in all aspects asillustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the disclosure should bedetermined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, not bythe above description, and all changes coming within the meaning andequivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embracedtherein.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The above-described embodiments of the present disclosure may be appliedto various devices for communication through sidelink

1. A method of sharing power by a user equipment (UE) in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) communication system, the methodcomprising: configuring a resource for transmitting hybrid automaticrepeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information (HFI)related to NR-V2X services and a resource for transmitting a positioningreference signal (PRS) related to sidelink positioning on a physicalsidelink feedback channel (PSFCH); based on a request for simultaneoustransmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocating power based on at leastone of a priority related to the PRS and a priority related to the HFI;and transmitting at least one of the PRS and the HFI based on theallocated power.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the resource fortransmitting the PRS includes a resource for transmitting a request PRSand a resource for transmitting a response PRS, and wherein based on arequest for simultaneous transmission of the request PRS and theresponse PRS in a same PSFCH slot, power allocated to the PRS isallocated for transmission of at least one of the request PRS and theresponse PRS based on at least one of a priority related to the requestPRS and a priority related to the response PRS.
 3. The method of claim2, wherein based on both of the priority related to the request PRS andthe priority related to the response PRS being greater than or less thanthresholds predefined in relation thereto, same power is allocatedregardless of the priorities, power is allocated in proportion to thepriorities, or power preconfigured for the request PRS and the responsePRS is allocated.
 4. The method of claim 3, comprising: configuring apositioning dedicated data resource pool; sensing utilization of a V2Xdata resource pool; and based on a request for V2X data transmission,determining a resource pool to be used for the V2X data transmissionbased on the sensed utilization of the V2X data resource pool.
 5. Themethod of claim 4, wherein based on determination of the positioningdedicated data resource pool as the resource pool to be used for the V2Xdata transmission, a V2X data indicator indicating that data transmittedin the positioning dedicated data resource pool is V2X data istransmitted in first-stage sidelink control information (SCI) on aphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and/or second-stage SCI on aphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).
 6. The method of claim 5,wherein based on a request for positioning data transmission occurringduring the V2X data transmission in the positioning dedicated dataresource pool, a positioning dedicated data resource allocated for theV2X data transmission is preempted for the positioning data transmissionbased on a priority of positioning data.
 7. The method of claim 6,wherein based on an available positioning dedicated data resource beingwithin a latency budget for the positioning data transmission, thepositioning dedicated data resource allocated for the V2X datatransmission is not preempted.
 8. The method of claim 2, wherein basedon both of the priority related to the PRS and the priority related tothe HFI being greater than or less than thresholds predefined inrelation thereto, i) same power is allocated regardless of thepriorities, ii) power is allocated in proportion to the priorities, oriii) power preconfigured for the request PRS and the response PRS isallocated.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the resource fortransmitting the PRS is configured on the PSFCH in first-stage sidelinkcontrol information (SCI) on a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)and/or second-stage SCI on a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).10. A method of sharing power by a user equipment (UE) in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) communication system, the methodcomprising: configuring a resource for transmitting hybrid automaticrepeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information (HFI)related to NR-V2X services and a resource for transmitting a positioningreference signal (PRS) related to sidelink positioning on a physicalsidelink feedback channel (PSFCH); based on a request for simultaneoustransmission of the PRS and the HFI, allocating power available in aPSFCH slot for transmission of at least one of the PRS and the HFI basedon at least one of a priority related to the PRS and a priority relatedto the HFI; and transmitting the at least one of the PRS and the HFIbased on the allocated power, wherein based on a request forsimultaneous transmission of a request PRS and a response PRS in a samePSFCH slot occurring after the power is allocated for the PRStransmission, the power allocated for the PRS transmission is allocatedto at least one of the request PRS and the response PRS based on apositioning service signal quality sensed in relation to each of therequest PRS and the response PRS.
 11. A user equipment (UE) configuredto perform sidelink on-demand positioning in a new radiovehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) communication system, the UE comprising:a radio frequency (RF) transceiver; and a processor connected to the RFtransceiver, wherein the processor is configured to: configure aresource for transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS) relatedto the sidelink positioning on a physical sidelink feedback channel(PSFCH); based on a request for simultaneous transmission of the PRS andhybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedbackinformation (HFI) related to NR-V2X services, allocate power availablein a PSFCH slot for transmission of at least one of the PRS and the HFIbased on at least one of a priority related to the PRS and a priorityrelated to the HFI; and transmit the at least one of the PRS and the HFIbased on the allocated power.
 12. The UE of claim 11, wherein theresource for transmitting the PRS includes a resource for transmitting arequest PRS and a resource for transmitting a response PRS, and whereinbased on a request for simultaneous transmission of the request PRS andthe response PRS in a same PSFCH slot, the processor is configured toallocate power allocated to the PRS for transmission of at least one ofthe request PRS and the response PRS based on at least one of a priorityrelated to the request PRS and a priority related to the response PRS.13. The UE of claim 12, wherein based on both of the priority related tothe request PRS and the priority related to the response PRS beinggreater than or less than thresholds predefined in relation thereto, theprocessor is configured to allocate same power regardless of thepriorities, allocate power in proportion to the priorities, or allocatepower preconfigured for the request PRS and the response PRS.
 14. The UEof claim 13, wherein the processor is configured to: configure apositioning dedicated data resource pool; sense utilization of a V2Xdata resource pool; and based on a request for V2X data transmission,determine a resource pool to be used for the V2X data transmission basedon the sensed utilization of the V2X data resource pool.
 15. The UE ofclaim 14, wherein based on determination of the positioning dedicateddata resource pool as the resource pool to be used for the V2X datatransmission, the processor is configured to transmit a V2X dataindicator indicating that data transmitted in the positioning dedicateddata resource pool is V2X data in first-stage sidelink controlinformation (SCI) on a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and/orsecond-stage SCI on a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).
 16. TheUE of claim 15, wherein based on a request for positioning datatransmission occurring during the V2X data transmission in thepositioning dedicated data resource pool, the processor is configured topreempt a positioning dedicated data resource allocated for the V2X datatransmission for the positioning data transmission based on a priorityof positioning data.
 17. The UE of claim 16, wherein based on anavailable positioning dedicated data resource being within a latencybudget for the positioning data transmission, the processor isconfigured to not to preempt the positioning dedicated data resourceallocated for the V2X data transmission.
 18. The UE of claim 12, whereinbased on both of the priority related to the PRS and the priorityrelated to the HFI being greater than or less than thresholds predefinedin relation thereto, i) same power is allocated regardless of thepriorities, ii) power is allocated in proportion to the priorities, oriii) power preconfigured for the request PRS and the response PRS isallocated.
 19. The UE of claim 11, wherein the resource for transmittingthe PRS is configured on the PSFCH in first-stage sidelink controlinformation (SCI) on a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and/orsecond-stage SCI on a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).